Leadership Styles Between Shackleton And Robert Scott

Shackleton’s early life does not provide much insight into where his leadership ability was learned. Being the eldest son, it is quite possible some of his early leadership lessons came in convincing siblings to go along with his desires. As a young mariner, Shackleton was likely influenced by officers he served under while at sea. Others have stated similarly that Shackleton’s leadership and inherent character traits were indeed learned while serving aboard merchant ships as a young man. In a comparison of leadership styles between Shackleton and Robert Scott, Seb Coulthard in his online article; Shackleton: A Great Leader, (2015, retrieved), noted that while Scott learned to lead in the British Royal Navy under strict rules of class and hierarchy; Shackleton’s experiences were in an environment where he befriended officers, engineers and sailors alike. Shackleton therefore was able to discount the traditional hierarchy and its sometimes damaging effects wi th great success. On board the Endurance, Shackleton ensured that all crew were cross trained and everyone pitched in on ships duties, whether it be standing watch or scrubbing decks, regardless of position or social class. Undoubtedly this new philosophy of treating all men as equals served to galvanize the crew of Endurance when the situation became dire. Comparing Shackleton’s leadership principles to Kouzes Posner’s Leadership Challenge Model, it is clear that he embodied many of the same ideals ofShow MoreRelated Leadership Case Study of Ernest Shackleton Essay4733 Words   |  19 Pages The topic of this leadership case study is Ernest Shackleton. This paper will identify the development of Shackletons leadership skills, provide examples and reflections of his abilities, and relate how he played an essential role in one of historys greatest survival stories. This study of Shackletons leadership is set loosely within the framework of the five practices of e xemplary leadership set forth in The Leadership Challenge by Kouzes and Posner, and will focus on the benefits producedRead MoreErnest Shackleton: High-Stakes Leadership4823 Words   |  20 PagesErnest Shackleton: High-Stakes Leadership The topic of this leadership case study is Ernest Shackleton. This paper will identify the development of Shackletons leadership skills, provide examples and reflections of his abilities, and relate how he played an essential role in one of historys greatest survival stories. This study of Shackletons leadership is set loosely within the framework of the five practices of exemplary leadership set forth in The Leadership Challenge by Kouzes and PosnerRead MoreOrganizational Behaviour Analysis28615 Words   |  115 PagesIntroductory Notes on Organisational Analysis Understanding Organisations The Limits of Rationalism Levels of Analysis: The SOGI Model Limitations of the SOGI Model The Individual Level The Group Level The Organisation Level The Society Level Interactions between the Levels Morgan’s Metaphors The Metaphors in Brief The Machine Metaphor The Organic Metaphor The Brain Metaphor Cultural (Anthropological) Metaphor The Political Metaphor The Psychic Prison Metaphor Flux and Transformation The Dominance MetaphorRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesBusiness Review Finance Articles The Power of Management Capital Feigenbaum−Feigenbaum International Management, Sixth Edition Hodgetts−Luthans−Doh Contemporary Management, Fourth Edition Jones−George Driving Shareholder Value Morin−Jarrell Leadership, Fifth Edition Hughes−Ginnett−Curphy The Art of M A: Merger/Acquisitions/Buyout Guide, Third Edition Reed−Lajoux and others . . . This book was printed on recycled paper. Management http://www.mhhe.com/primis/online/ Copyright  ©2005Read MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 Pages6.5.2.3 Critical chain method Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Reducing Project Duration Leadership Chapter 2 Organization Strategy and Project Selection 1.4 Projects and programs (.2) 1.4.1 Managing the portfolio 1.4.3 Strategy and projects 2.3 Stakeholders and review boards 12.1 RFP’s and vendor selection (.3.4.5) 11.2.2.6 SWAT analysis 6.5.2.7 Schedule compression 9.4.2.5 Leadership skills G.1 Project leadership 10.1 Stakeholder management Chapter 11 Teams Chapter 3 Organization: Structure

Why was Prohibition such a controversial issue during the...

Why was Prohibition such a controversial issue during the 1920’s? Prohibition was the banning of the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages. The power to ban the production, export, import, transportation or sale of alcoholic beverages was given by the 18th Amendment, 1917. This was gradually adopted by state governments across America and was followed up in 1919 by the Volstead Act that defined intoxicating liquor as a drink containing 0.5% of alcohol and prescribed penalties for breaking the law. By 1920 Prohibition applied to the whole of the USA. The passing of this law was quite astounding for several reasons, partly because the legal liquor industry was the 7th biggest in the country,†¦show more content†¦Prohibition was also favoured by many women’s groups, such as the Women’s Christian Temperance Union, who identified alcohol as a means by which men oppressed them. Religious groups also identified alcohol as the work of the devil, responsible for the moral downfall of America. Perhaps more significantly it als o had the influential backing of several big business tycoons, most notably John D Rockafeller who gave his personal support and a large amount of money to the League, seeing drunkenness as leading to danger and inefficiency in the workplace. Supporters of Prohibition tended to be white, middle class, overwhelmingly protestant, from small towns in the South and West and generally voted Republican. Opponents were likely to be urban, of non-northern European ethnic origin, Roman Catholic and vote Democrat. Despite the controversy that you might expect a proposed amendment such as this to evoke, there was actually very little opposition to the measure. Two principal factors lead to an increase in popularity of Prohibition at the time. The first of these was the impact of war, which gave several impetuses to Prohibition. Grain was needed for food; so many peopleShow MoreRelatedA Sociological And Humanistic Perspective1714 Words   |  7 Pagessocietal circumstances and events that culminated to create the right environment for the law to pass. It is also necessary to understand the social reaction and potential backlash to the establishment or proposal of the law in order to explain how it was passed. Additionally, the evolution and current status of the law is to be explained by social factors that may have led to the repeal, replacement, or acceptance of the law. For the purposes of this essay, I have chosen to focus on constitutionalRead MoreRoaring 20 s Vs. Swinging1072 Words   |  5 PagesRoaring 20’s vs. Swinging 60’s Taking a look back in time, so much has changed, especially in the time period between the 1920’s and 1960’s. The 1920’s and 1960’s are two decades that have really defined the United States’ culture. From flappers to hippies, jazz music to rock, and Civil Rights movements, these two decades have helped shape the beliefs and rights we have today. The 1920s were an age of social and political change that would change the face of history in the United States. The 1960sRead MoreThe Prohibition Of The 1920s Essay1817 Words   |  8 Pagespaper discusses one of the most significant events of the 1920s and 1930s that still affects life to this day, the prohibition. Throughout the modern American, who may be interested in the prohibition and why organized crime was so powerful, discover just that as well as why the prohibition was implemented, who had the most influence, how people viewed one another at the time, and the factors that lead to the prohibit ions lack of success. It was a time of struggle between law enforcement, organized crimeRead MoreThe Policy Of The National Minimum Drinking Age1503 Words   |  7 PagesOne of the most controversial problems within the United States is the policy of the national minimum drinking age of 21. I believe that the raising of the drinking age to 21 years old has created more problems than solving them. America has had past experiences with a similar situation when they enforced prohibition. As we know, prohibition was a nationwide constitutional ban on the production, importation, transportation, and sale of alcoholic beverages, which was a huge failure. America have triedRead MoreGun Control Laws Essay1133 Words   |  5 Pagesgovernment officials believe it is their right to control the use of firearms in our country. Many civilians believe it is their right to bear arms to protect themselves and their families. This has been a very controversial issue over the past recent years. Espe cially since Barack Obama was inaugurated. Sandy Hook Elementary school shooting really set a fire underneath the feet of liberals to secure more gun control laws. Is it really effective to take away guns from law abiding citizens? What aboutRead MoreHistory of Gun Control in America1893 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction When it comes to controversial topics in today’s society, there are so many that it can be difficult to be a straight shooter. Among all of them, however, debate over gun control has been prevalent for so long, it is something many people can easily set their sights on. It is an issue everybody should have an opinion on, as it is vastly important, potentially threatening, and all too present in modern society. Many find the mere concept of gun control invasive to their constitutionalRead MoreThe Controversial Topic Of Medical Marijuana1284 Words   |  6 PagesJustin Winn Ms. Watters 7/1/2015 ENG 302 Medical Marijuana: Up In Smoke The controversial topic of medical marijuana has caused a recent uproar in America. The once taboo subject is now openly discussed almost everywhere you go. Discussions can be heard on the news, radio, online forums, blogs, and documentaries. Even our former and current U.S. Presidents have weighed in on the topic. Although it is now being openly discussed, some people are still are under the assumption that it is a dangerousRead MoreThe Roaring Twenties3168 Words   |  13 PagesThe dawning of the 1920’s in America left a need in the citizens’ hearts to return to a state of normalcy after the devastating effects of the Great War. However, the new era of isolationism spawned a cultural revolution that can only be described as anything but â€Å"normal†. Heavy losses over seas left Americans turned off to problems occurring outside of United States borders. As the citizens’ averted their eyes from the problems of the world, they were left to focus their a ttention of forming theRead MoreThe Popularity of Gangster Films in the Early Nineteen-Thirties2065 Words   |  9 PagesThe Popularity of Gangster Films in the Early Nineteen-Thirties The late 1920s in America was a particularly tumultuous period of time for the country. The Wall Street Crash in 1929 had led to high levels of unemployment and dissatisfaction within the country. The Depression (1929-1934), which was a direct result of The Wall Street Crash, led to a breakdown of industry and commerce within the country and weakened its global positionRead More Legalize drugs Essay example2773 Words   |  12 Pages Such an issue stirs up moral and religious beliefs; beliefs that are contrary to what America should quot;believequot;. However, such a debate has been apparent in the American marketplace of ideas before with the prohibition of alcohol in the 1920s. With the illegality of alcohol the mafia could produce liquor and therefore had considerable control over those who wanted their substance and service. The role that the mafia played in the 1920s has transformed into the corner drug dealers and

Developments in Accounting Thought Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.You are required to finda Newspaper article or web page report of an item of Accounting News. 2.Introduce the major issues in the new standard. 3.Explain if there is generally a consensus or if there is disagreement between the commenting parties. Examine in detail why some parties may have a dissenting point of view. 4.Explain if there is generally a consensus or if there is disagreement between the commenting parties. Examine in detail why some parties may have a dissenting point of view. Answers: 1.The news article The new revenue recognition accounting standards shows the appropriate framework for with the development of the technologies. The construction and the development of the structure are being made by showing the enhancement of the work which is showing the impact on the changes of the environment. The uses of the new accounting standards that are identified in this case shows the appropriate usage of the information technology, human resources and the sales and the marketing is being shown in this case. The new recognition and the transformation of the guidance is being shown by showing the guidance which is being used for showing the revenue recognition transformation strategy and also the critical judgement is being made by showing the impact for showing the extension which is being depicted to be showing beyond finance (Mariotte, 2017). As per the article is being undertaken for the study, the formation of the new accounting standards are depicted in the form of the showing the proper transfer of the goods. The transfer of the goods are depicted to be based on the proper principles which are showing the appropriate impact on the study and also the conduct is being made by showing the reflection of the amount which is being made by showing the appropriate conduct of the financial accounting standards. Therefore the study is depicted to be showing the enhancement of the fundamental principles that are related to the enhancement of the study and also the complexities can be easily removed by showing the appropriate conduct of the services which are reflected in the form of the payments made (Alexander, Nobes, Ullathorne, 2016). In general considerations as per this article the revenues can be easily categorized in the form of the sales with showing the purchasing of the goods and the services. The effect which is being determined in this study clearly shows the appropriate structure which is being used in this case that reflects the appropriate structure which is showing the conduct which is being made on the study. Therefore the changes and the shifting of the US judgements are appropriately made by showing the reflection on the work which is being made by showing the enhancement of the work and also the appropriate example is being provided in this case for the purpose of justification. As the major judgement standard is being considered, the current guidelines can be easily expressed in the form of the current guidelines which are depicted to be improved in the form of the new guidances (Appannaiah, Reddy, Putty, 2010). The current new standards are depicted by showing the enhancement of the standard wh ich is being made by showing the appropriate revenue transaction and also the attempt is being made by showing the guidance of the parameters that are used as a rule. Therefore the fair value can be easily constructed by showing the appropriate enhancement of the study which is being made by showing the appropriate delivering of the elements which are being used for showing the logics of the core and also the representation of the new standards can be easily depicted by showing the appropriate change in the business of the America. (Weil, 2017). As per the FASB and the IASB announcements are considered, the following of the new developed guidance shows the proper implementation which is made for the development of the structure of the work. The principles are being appropriately explained which shows the appropriate explanation of the study and thereby the new revenues standards are implemented for showing the annual reports representation. Therefore the entitlements of the non publ ics are made for showing the appropriate structure of the work for the adoption of the standards (Beechy, Conrod, 2008). The new mind set is being developed for the creation of the new standards that are made for showing the appropriate activities which are used in the form of the study and also the appropriate management of the structure is being made in the form of the rules based and the judgement based systems. It also represents the enhancement of the structure which is being made by showing the enhancement of the structure and also the business environment is being depicted to be showing the enhancement of the business environment in US. Therefore the business leaders should not underestimate by showing the mindset challenges and also the technology realm is being made by showing the complications and the multi-dimensions. It is also illustrated in the form of the structure of the study which is being made by showing the identification of the study and also the customer optio ns can be showing the determination of the things which are used for showin the licence and also the distinct performance is being shown by showing the performance is being depicted by showing the performance obligations. The considerations are made by showing the appropriate enhancement of the study which is being made by showing the structure is being made by showing the enhancement of the study and also the initial liscense and also the updates can be easily made by showing the supporting contract. Therefore the refining of the thought is being made by showing the new judgement process which is being shown to be the essential part which is showing the establishment of the internal guidlines and also the support is being made by showing the ensuring of the process which are consistent in nature (Beechy, Conrod, 2008). Therefore, the overall article shows the opportunity which is being created for the purpose of showing the appropriate innovation in the companies which shows the p ath for the improvement of the approaches and also the influence in the companies can be made by showing the detailed rules which is being made by using the influence to show the market strategies. The new guidelines are depicted to be influencing the products which are used for showing the appropriate current results in the form of the appropriate study. It also includes the cost of the revenue matters which influences the aspects obtained during the re-arrangement of the revenue matters (Spiceland, 2010). 2.International Accounting Standard Board (IASB) intend to make amendment in their accounting standard in order to enhance its acceptability across the globe and to provide an appropriate and unified solution to the global companies. In order to make the amendment the IASB seek public comment from the various organizations about the proposed amendment. It helps the accounting board to recognize the public perceptions about the proposed amendment (Britton, Waterston, 2013). For this purpose, the IASB released exposure documents that provide the ideas about the proposed changed to the public. Furthermore, the IASB has published exposure draft that provides a sample of the proposed amendment to the public. Moreover, the IASB seek the public comment on these proposed amendments, the ISAB declares the pros and cons of the proposed accounting standards to the public and provide the reasons for the changes. For example, the proposed changes reflect the issues and claim to improve the accou nting process (Powers, Needles, 2012). The proposed changes are as follows: Standard Subject to amendment IFRS 5Non-curent asset held for sale and discontinued operation Alteration in the process of disposal IFRS Financial instrument: disclosure Servicing contracts Applicability of the changes to IFRS 7 to condensed interim financial statement IAS 19 employees benefits Discount rate: Local market issue IAS 34 Interim Financial Reporting Disclosure of information elsewhere in the interim report The main issue detected with the changes is the issue with the inventory standard. There are several Australian companies are upset with the amendment and changing standard by the IASB. Because in new inventory standard the companies are facing severe difficulties as they have to add the inventory amount in the balance sheet in the standard cost. The reason for this the company use to bought the stock in much lesser price and during the years the cost of the stock may fall as they are old and the standard cost in the market is high so the value of the stock or inventory may show high that impact adversely on the financial statement of the company (Churyk, Weirich, Pearson, 2012) 3.There are several companies in Australia appeal that the new standard is not acceptable as it displays erroneous information to the public. It improves the asset of the company and thus in comparison to the asset the liability of the company in the balance sheet shows comparatively low. That improve the financial performance of the company and the investors also attracted to the company and make important investment decisions in favour of the company but in long run face severe loss. As the information is misguided the investors (Parrino, 2015). 4.Public interest, private interest, and capture theories The public interest theory states that the economic markets are fragile and it has the tendency to function inefficiently. The market may not give importance to the society. Thus, government rules and regulations are required for directing and monitoring the economic markets. For example, the government regulates the financial statements to make the work in favour of the social interest. The accounting standards also change their rules and policies for the welfare of the public in the society. The private interest theory states that the individuals or groups carry out their works to fulfill their self-interest. The theory proposes that the private interest dominates and rules the regulatory processes than the public interest (Helbk, Lindset, McLellan, 2010). The regulatory results reflect the interest of the powerful groups. The theory shows that people of groups can work for their own interest. The capture theory states that the regulations and rules are manipulated in order to fit the requirements. The theory also states that the regulations over a given period of time serve the interest of the concerned industries. The theory clearly explains the intentions of the designing regulations. Thus, the regulations affect the individuals are involved directly in the formulation of the regulations. There is an appropriate representation of the interest groups as well as the politicians (Holton, 2012). The exposure draft of FASB shows the issuance of the proposed update as the part of disclosure framework project. The primary focus and objective of the disclosures in the notes to the financial statements are to provide clear information which is required by the generally accepted accounting principles which is significant to the users of the financial statements of the company. The new amendments made by the FASB in their inventory disclosures is that the inventory would be disaggregated by the component, disaggregated by the measurement basis, changes to inventory balance, qualification of cost types to capitalize into inventory, the effect of the LIFO. The comment letter of Deloitte supports the ongoing efforts of FASB in order to improve the effectiveness of the disclosures in notes to financial statements (Comment letters, 2017). The company agrees with the aspects of the proposed ASU by the board. The board puts emphasize on considering the materiality for the discloses. The c ompany has stated that the newly proposed requirements for disclosures will provide significant information to the users of the financial statements. The disclosure effectiveness is supported by the company and believes that the board should undertake the costs examination that should be capitalized as the inventory part and changing cost to the cost of goods sold. The project would be bifacial in the current accounting practices (Kieso, Weygandt, Warfield, Kieso, 2010). The comment letters clearly state that the proposed amended would be in the favor of the public. The investors and stakeholders will get more information from the disclosures in the notes to the financial statements. The financial statements provide significant information to the users of the financial statements and help them to make investment decisions (Northington, 2011). References Alexander, D., Nobes, C., Ullathorne, A. (2016).Financial accounting. Harlow, England: Pearson. Appannaiah, H., Reddy, P., Putty, R. (2010).Financial accounting. Mumbai [India]: Himalaya Pub. House. Beechy, T., Conrod, J. (2008).Intermediate accounting. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson. Britton, A., Waterston, C. (2013).Financial accounting. Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Churyk, N., Weirich, T., Pearson, T. (2012).Mastering the FASB codification and eIFRS. Hoboken, N.J.: J. Wiley Sons. Comment letters. (2017).Cite a Website - Cite This For Me.Fasb.org. Retrieved 6 May 2017, from https://www.fasb.org/cs/BlobServer?blobkey=idblobnocache=trueblobwhere=1175834682348blobheader=application%2Fpdfblobheadername2=Content-Lengthblobheadername1=Content-Dispositionblobheadervalue2=492161blobheadervalue1=filename%3DDISFR-INV.ED.018.DELOITTE_TOUCHE_LLP.pdfblobcol=urldatablobtable=MungoBlobs Helbk, M., Lindset, S., McLellan, B. (2010).Corporate finance. Maidenhead, Berkshire: Open University Press/McGraw-Hill Education. Holton, R. (2012).Global finance. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Kieso, D., Weygandt, J., Warfield, T., Kieso, D. (2010).Intermediate accounting. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Mariotte, S. (2017).Millions Of Americans Are Lost In The Black Hole Of The IRS.The Huffington Post. Retrieved 6 May 2017, from https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/millions-of-americans-are-lost-in-the-black-hole-of_us_590b29f4e4b084f59b4a0016 Northington, S. (2011).Finance. New York, NY: Ferguson's. Parrino, R. (2015).Corporate Finance. Singapore: John Wiley Sons. Powers, M., Needles, B. (2012).Financial accounting. [Mason]: South-Western, Cengage Learning. Spiceland, J. (2010).Intermediate accounting. Toronto, ON: McGraw-Hill Ryerson. Weil, R. (2017).Financial accounting. [Place of publication not identified]: Cengage Learning. Welch, I. (2014).Corporate finance. Los Angeles: Ivo Welch.

Miles Davis Essays (629 words) - Miles Davis, Sonny Rollins

Miles Davis Miles Davis, from his beginnings as a nineteen-year-old kid in 1945 New York City, to his final days in the early 1990's, is to be considers one of the jazz's best. The 1996 album entitled, Bluing: Miles Davis Plays the Blues, the engineers at Prestige Records bring Miles Davis back to life. Packed with over 73 minutes and of 12 bar blues, Bluing brings nine great tunes of Davis' together on one disk. Having been originally recorded in the 1950's, these nine cuts take the listener through a decade of music and a decade of Davis' life. On the opening track, entitled "Bluing", we hear nearly ten minutes of Davis on trumpet, Jackie McLean on alto sax, Sonny Rollins on tenor, Walter Bishop, Jr. on piano, Tommy Porter on bass, and Art Blakey playing the drums. Bishop provides the intro of the song on the piano, with Blakey coming in soon after. Nearly a minute in, Davis begins and is soon softly accompanied by the saxes. Through the first five or so minutes of the tune, Davis enjoys a solo. He is then followed by the tenor and alto sax, respectively. I enjoy this track mostly for the tone Davis achieves and the moderate tempo. However, during Rollins' tenor solo and then again for the last minute or so of the song, Davis and the rest of the group pick up the pace and begin double-timing. In the end, for me, this track is made classic by a botched ending on the part of Art Blakey. If you listen closely you can hear Davis' instant reaction: "We'll have to play it again then, man. You know the arrangement." Obviously enough, Blakey doesn't contribute to any of the other songs on the album. Another cut that I enjoyed on this album is "Bags' Groove". Originally issued on Miles Davis and the Modern Jazz Giants: Bags' Groove, this song opens with Milt Jackson on vibraharp and also has a great vibraharp solo about three minutes in to the over nine minute tune. Track five has come to be my favorite on the album Bluing. Entitled "Green Haze", this cut consists of Red Garland on piano, Oscar Pettiford on bass, Philly Joe Jones on the drums, and of course Davis with his trumpet. Garland provides a great opening on the piano. Davis comes in a little over a minute in to the tune and sets a very subdued mood with his warm, mellow tone and a slower tempo. Later on in the song the group picks it up a bit and begins playing double-time, only to slow it back down for a great bass solo by Pettiford. The entire song is background by the Jones' stirring of a brush on his snare. This gives the tune a very softened feel. It is this melodious and softened feel that makes me enjoy the tune so much. Before listening to this album I had the idea in my mind that all blues was slow in tempo and portrayed a mood of depression or sadness. After listening to these nine songs I see that blues can be at any tempo at all, and can also create moods other than sadness. The second song on the album, "Blue ?N' Boogie" is very up-tempo and actually makes me wish I knew how to dance jazz. I was surprised to find that I liked the faster songs on the album because in the past, though I have been involved in playing music for many years, I've always enjoyed the slower songs. Now on the other hand, I find myself wanting to start playing again so I can have a chance to play some of these faster tunes that I have passed on in the past. As for Miles Davis' Bluing, I would recommend it to anyone wanting to hear some really good jazz. Prestige Records did a great job of choosing nine of Davis' blues tunes to compile onto one disk.

When I First Saw The Movie Frankenstein, I Realized That Hollywood Was

When I first saw the movie Frankenstein, I realized that Hollywood was still changing the classic novels. In their usual fashion, they changed the names of the characters to be somewhat pleasing to the audience. I guess Henry Frankenstein was a better wholesome name than Victor Frankenstein. Instead they saved the name Victor for the supporting actor because no one would care what they named him. Next they changed Elizabeth to Margaret for some unknown reason. By movie standards today, the monster looked like a man in bad makeup and stiff acting. In Mary Shelley's original interpretation, I envision a monster with pale Caucasian skin color, misshapen limbs and with more vocabularies than Ugh or Ahh. I have come to the realization that the 1931 movie review of Frankenstein and I share the same opinions for the movie. Though I did find the acting and the makeup mediocre, in 1931 it was as the film critic said, "the most effective of its kind." The background and scenery impressed me. Dr. Frankenstein's laboratory was indeed impressive. The elaborate machinery and sound effects added to the sense that life was being created, though they really did go into great detail as to how life was brought back from the dead. The review says that the actor portraying Frankenstein's monster, Boris Karloff, did not portray a robot but a man sewn together with an abnormal brain. However I believed that the monster acted like a robot in the scene with the little girl. The girl presented a set of instructions (throwing flowers in the lake). The monster then copied the instructions like a program. Unfortunately, the "abnormal" brain caused a bug or glitch in his programming which caused the death of the girl. Humans are programmed, like a robot or computer, to follow instruction to perform actions such as walking, talking, driving, or doing simple math. In a sense we humans are highly advanced mechanisms given the ability to comprehend and interpret. After the monster was created, Frankenstein boasts about his achievements. Demonstrating a perfect example of the God complex, he exclaims; " Now I know how God feels." It is man's greatest task to equal or surpass its creator. At the beginning of the novel, its atmosphere is completely different than that of the 1931 movie. First, the novel begins after Victor created the monster that killed Elizabeth. You realize immediately in the novel that there was no happy ending as the movie portrayed. Elizabeth is dead by the monster's hands and Victor has now become obsessed with hunting down and destroying the creature. You also find out in the novel the background information of why Victor is so in love with Elizabeth. The movie also fails to give a very good reason as to how Victor goes on this journey to bring life back to the dead. They forget to mention his studies into Natural Philosophy or Galvanism. The novel also describes a more dark and sinister outlook. The time he brings life to his creation, readers feel a dark chill down their spines. When he describes how the monster haunts him in the shadows, the readers start to feels as if the monster is watching. When it starts to commit other atrocities, shoc k and horror invade the mind. I believe the film was an unjust representation of the novel. The 1931 film gave a lighter representation. It begins to be a little disappointing watching the film after reading halfway through the novel. During the 1920's and 30's, mankind was involved in the search to improve the human race called Eugenics. I believe the 1818 novel and the 1931 film were perfect examples of how the idea of eugenics was so widespread. At this time scientists were working on ways to create life that rivaled God, whether to create perfect children free of disease or to create the super soldier to fight their wars. It was even being suggested to create towns selected with the best of mankind. However, as in the movie and novel, the question of should we manipulate the forces of nature comes into the equation. The movie could be meant as a warning on the evils of eugenics. Though it seems

Literature Analysis Sample of #8220;A Day No Pigs Would Die#8221;

Literature Analysis Sample of #8220;A Day No Pigs Would Die#8221; Somebody once told me that a cow wont bite. That somebody is as wrong as a sin on Sunday (pg. 8). This little incident is the event that really gets the story on a move. A Day No Pigs Would Die narrates Robert Pecks adolescent life in rural Vermont during the nineteen twenties. A Day No Pigs Would Die is a true story, written in first person, through the eyes of a Robert Newton Peck. The mood of the this story is smooth and uneventful with a few spots of joy and sadness. Much of the mood is derived from the plain and natural setting of rural Vermont. A Day No Pigs Would Die takes place during the nineteen twenties on the Pecks family farm and the surrounding New England countryside. The Pecks own a simple farm consisting of a dark brown log farmhouse, a plank board corn-cratch, and an old log milk barn. To the north of the Peck farm lies the Tanners farm. The Tanners farm is much newer and larger with many sprawling pastures and a large, modern milk barn. Behind these two farms, a hi gh ridge stretches in to the rolling Vermont foothills. From on top of this ridge Robert can see almost to Rutland. The site of the bustling and exciting county fair. The protagonist of A Day No Pigs Would Die is a five-foot tall, skinny, loving and sensitive farm boy with brown hair and brown eyes named Robert Peck. Robert is an innocent romantic who dreams of fame. He is very excited about learning and because of this he begins to inwardly questions generations of traditions and religious beliefs. Although Robert is not a fighter, he is strong willed. Nevertheless, he often tolerates injustices for the sake of other peoples feelings. Robert is often confused by the evils of the world. Sometimes he finds himself atop the ridge behind his farm trying to piece together some of is troubles. There are a number of antagonists in A Day No Pigs Would Die. Nature seems to cause the most trouble for the Robert and his family. The Pecks are always scrambling to grow enough food to last through the next cold season. Another prevalent antagonist is Roberts situation. Robert wants to be famous but, that is against his religion. Also, his family does not have enough money to send him college or anywhere else. An additional antagonist is the time period. The twenties were a time of change for many Americans. Robert wants to change but, his family, his town and his peers are unsympathetic. A Day No Pigs Would Die has a very complex and important cast of secondary characters. The secondary characters include: Roberts immediate family, his neighbors and Pinky (A pig that is also Roberts best friend). Roberts father, Haven Peck is the most significant secondary character. The climax and denouement of this story are both dependent on him. Haven is a sixty-year-old farmer. He is a good and simple man who loves his family. Haven lives a hard life running the family farm and slaughtering hogs for extra money. He never learned to read or write so he encourages these skills in Robert. Roberts mother is a gentle who does not play a important part in the story but, is always there for Robert when he needs a loving hand. She takes care of the house and cooks the meals. Roberts aunt Carrie does not play an important role either. She lives on the farm though. Pinky, the pig, is Roberts best friend. Pinky was just a squealy piglet when Mr. Tanner, the Pecks neighbor, gave her to Robe rt. As the story progresses Pinky and Robert spend more and more, time together. Pinky follows Robert while he does his chores. They go on walks together and Robert even takes Pinky to the Rutland County Fair where she wins a blue ribbon for best-behaved pig (pg. 100). The Tanners are a younger couple who sees Robert as the son they never had. They often take Robert with them on their trips to town. Widow Bascom is also one of the Pecks neighbors. She was once a stingy woman who, on occasion, hit Robert with a broomstick (pg. 81). She fell in love with a hired hand named Ira Long (pg. 79) and her wickedness disappeared. There are many struggles in A Day No Pigs Would Die. The most consequential was the conflict between Robert and his life. All of the minor conflicts pertain to the conflict between Robert and his life. Robert wants be famous and rich. He knows this will be a terrific challenge. Robert wants to be affluent. Unfortunately that is against his familys religion. Robert is constantly butting heads with his father about their moral and religious beliefs (pg. 25). Robert wants to lead a happy, carefree life but, he never has the chance to amid the misfortunes in his adolescence. Another significant conflict involves the Pecks and nature. The pecks are continuously toiling have enough food to make it through the next winter (pg. 116). A smaller conflict is between The Pecks and the Tanners. This conflict is never recognized directly. The Pecks are silently envious of the Tanners fertile and beautiful farm. Through the course of A Day No Pigs Would Die it was understood that Pinky would grow up to be a brood sow, baring a litter of piglets three to four times a year for the Pecks to sell(pg. 23). In late November Robert makes arrangements to have Pinky bred with Mr. Tanners boar (pg. 123). After Pinky has been bred two times and does not become pregnant or even into full heat it is obvious that she is unable to conceive (pg. 134). Roberts Father decides that Pinky must be slaughtered for food. This is the turning point of the book. After Pinky is found to be unable to bare offspring she must be slaughtered. Robert knows this and dreads it with all his heart. One brisk November morning Robert and his father take to the task of slaughtering Pinky(pg. 135). Robert must hold Pinky, who he loves dearly, as her intestines plop onto his feet and she starts to squeal hysterically. Robert wants nothing more than to stop Pinkys suffering, though he knows he cannot. Robert endures a gray and dismal winter in which his father his fights a horrible lung infection. The denouement of this story comes one chilly morning in early spring. Robert wakes to milk the cow, goes to the barn and finds his father dead on the hay(pg. 141). Robert alerts his mother and a simple funeral is arranged. All of the Pecks neighbors and friends come to pay respect for their deceased companion. After the service Robert buries his father in the family plot on a peaceful corner of the farm. In conclusion, the theme of A Day No Pigs Would Die is that of hard farm life. A life that when things are bad one can not stop to grieve or vomit. Lives that most people choose not to live anymore. A life that some feel is dangerous and laborious. A life that may be hard, laborious, and even dangerous but, someone had live it.

Identification of People with Diabetes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Identification of People with Diabetes - Essay Example Beckett, Peters, and Fletcher (2008) and Huang, Zhang, Gandra (2008) affirm that diabetes has been a challenge since 2001, when the NSF for diabetes set out its visions that aimed at empowering patients with diabetes and lay a framework or a foundation, which helps them become the major caregivers. Furman (2014) confirms that there have been several demonstrable improvements in the way services are delivered since the beginning of the delivery plan of 2003. The December, 2001 Diabetes Standards (DH 2001) is of great service of excellence, and they are built on a firm partnership with diabetes individuals (Buck, Wilson, and Ham 2005). Individuals with diabetes should expect greater and better services as these NSF standards are offered locally. Zhang, Gandra (2008)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Department of Health, DH, has implemented effective interventions and good practices such as recommending the use of principal interventions such as personalized care mode ls, structured education models, accessible records or patient-held records that will help facilitate the empowerment of these individuals (Egede, Nietert, and Zheng 2005). However, the services rendered are geographically variable, and there are increased numbers of people that have diabetes and still do not access to the established care standards (Newport and Hirsch 2011). Between 2006 and 2011 the diagnosed number of people living with diabetes in England increased by twenty five percent, from 1.9 million people to 2.5 million (Furman 2014).

Management Decision Support System (DSS) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Management Decision Support System (DSS) - Essay Example s this system uses internal sources of information but it also use external sources of information that are vital to the organization for instance reports regarding current stock prices and reports which give competitors information. The fundamental difference between Decision Support System and other information systems is that Decision Support System has more analytical capabilities. It has multiple models to analyze and synchronize large amounts of data. This action of Decision Support System allows decision makers to view the data in a form which allows data to be easily analyzed. This has far reaching consequences because the decision that comes out is more justified and rigorously tested (Sauter, 159). Decision Support System employs interactive and user-friendly software. This software allows the user the luxury to ask multiple questions, modify key assumptions and add new data set into the scenario. Some Decision Support Systems are heavily model drive whereas other Decision Support Systems are model-driven and are focused more on extracting vital information from heaps of data to enable mangers to take effective decisions. It is this very reason why Decision Support Systems are also known as business intelligence systems because these systems focus on helping users to make better business decisions (Laudon and Laudon, 490-505). Since high quality decision making has become imperative for the survival of an organization therefore organizations these days are investing heavily on Decision support systems, more renowned as business intelligence systems. These systems consist of technologies and applications which enable better decision making. Business intelligence systems provide firms with the capabilities to collect large amount of information and using this generated information to develop new knowledge about operations and bring changes in the decision making behavior of people so that they achieve success in achieving profitability target and

, BUSINESS COMMUNICATIONS (CM1010-07E) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

, BUSINESS COMMUNICATIONS (CM1010-07E) - Essay Example A clear heading and numbering system should be used; usually no more than three levels are preferred in order to maintain simplicity. The abstract is best written in the present tense and gives an overall summary of the entire report; the introduction is best written in the future tense and lets the reader know what they are going to read; the body is then written in the present telling the reader what they are reading, and the conclusion is best written in the past telling the reader what they have read. The style and tone of the report is important and it must be written with its intended audience in mind. If the intended reader is not apt in the specific topic area then the style and tone, together with the language must be kept more simpler than if the reader was well conversed or an expert in the area. Verbosity does not say more; it is better to write simply, clearly and to the point with correct grammar and transitional

The Revenge Vs Justice Philosophy Essay

The Revenge Vs Justice Philosophy Essay Moby Dick or The Whale by Herman Melville tells the adventure of Ishmael and his voyage on the ship the Pequod, commanded by Captain Ahab. But Captain Ahab has an obsessive goal to kill the Whale because of a previous encounter with the whale that cause Captain Ahab to lose his foot. Some of the topics in this story are the battle Good and Evil, the dangers that come with monomania and obsession. The belief in Gods existence, the limits of knowledge and relying on fate are all topics in this story. Also revenge is very destructive and good can never come out of it. These topics are mostly seen in Captain Ahab with especially his obsession with revenge that ultimately leads to his downfall. This essay will explain how revenge affects Captain Ahab and Revenge as an American Identity. This essay will show that revenge feels right but only brings destruction; Justice feels wrong at times but in the end only builds relationships. Revenge does not listen to reason because your mind is focused only on the task of hand. The mind is no longer open minded because revenge encompasses the whole body. Captain Ahab says Come and see if ye can swerve me. Ye cannot swerve me, else ye swerve yourselves! The path to my fixed purpose is laid with iron rails, whereon my soul is grooved to run.(Melville,172). Captain Ahabs mind is already set he will not take no for an answer and believes this is the correct life path he cannot be talked to or coerced off his path. He believes that his path of revenge is fate and cannot be changed even if he wanted to. When people are obsessed with revenge are not open to any guidance they believe they are correct5 in all ways because revenge removes justice therefore it removes choices from the individual. Revenge often invokes taking you with me. If the character snaps out of it, it can lead to Was it really worth it? And My God what have I done?(Revenge before reason 1). When you are open to guidance you can usually see that revenge is not the correct option instead of being one minded and stubborn. You cannot think clearly and rationally if you are obsessed with revenge. Throughout the South during the Civil Rights movement people were clouded with prejudice. People did not use proper judgment in living back then, because of past occurrences and if their minds werent clouded they would have done help to eliminate racism. Reasons can only be seen in a mind open but if mind is clouded and we are not able to see sense revenge, prejudice and hate will continue to exist. Revenge never leads to good it only leads to suffering. The avenger believes that he is benefiting himself and his actions will make him feel better but it only leads to more hurt for both parties involved. As The Pequod is destroyed by The Whale Captain Ahab utters Towards thee I stab at thee; for hates sake I spit my last breathe at thee. Sink all coffins and all hearses to one common poo!, and since neither can be mine, let me then tow to pieces, while still chasing thee, though tied to thee, thou damned whale! Thus, I give up the spear!(Melville, 576). Captain Ahab already knows he is dying but still has an obsession to take the Whale with him to the death. People think revenge will save them, but it only hurts them in the end because of bad choices. An Eye for an Eye Will Make the Whole World Blind(Ganhdi). The nature of revenge keeps us from seeing ourselves being hurt in the process. Not forgiving is like drinking rat poison and then waiting for the rat to die.(Lammott). The A merican Justice System survives on non-biasness dealing with crimes and if we judge others for acts they committed and are biased it will prompt us to look for revenge then riots began to form and people taking law into their own hands. Feelings of revenge are hard to get rid of because revenge is human nature. The desire for revenge isnt a disease that afflicts a few unfortunate people; rather its a universal trait of human nature, crafted by natural selection, that exists today because it helped our ancestors adapt to their environment.( The Forgiveness Instinct 1). Crew members on the Pequod pleaded with Ahab to stop his vain expedition but he refused. He says Doesnt the devil live forever; who ever heard that the devil was dead? Did you ever see any parson a wearing mourning for the devil? And if the devil has a latch-key to get into the admirals cabin, dont you suppose he can crawl into a port-hole? If revenge is continuing to be nursed than it will continue to live like a parasite. Once feelings of revenge are brought on they move like a runaway train and will not stop until everything is destroyed with itself. I tell you that revenge never turns back and never stops. I tell you that it is always moving forward.(Dickens 3) As humans we believe that we have control over aspects in our life but revenge can be weeded in early stages but after time it can be very hard to forgive other. Dealing with foreign affairs the United States takes caution against other countries; government and military officials have many conferences and meetings before the country goes to war. Most of the time revenge is brought on from unpreparedness. Revenge is primitive it takes very little thinking unlike it is a knee jerk response while justice takes meditation thinking and guidance. Revenge gives control while justice keeps control. As humans would we are able to control our emotions but in Moby Dick the whale showed more composure than Captain Ahab for there is no folly of the beast of the earth which is not infinitely outdone by the madness of men (Melville, 87). An animal with no common sense will still have better actions than a human with common sense. Humans claim they have control on their feelings but still have commit act of revenge on others. Self-control is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢the ability to control or override ones thoughts, emotions, urges, and behaviorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬- for a desired outcome or goal (Damiani 7). In self- control we overlook our urges and look for the best option instead of the first option. Justice takes self-control we are able to look over our urges, revenge is an urge. If we act on our urges all the time without using common sense we are belittling ourselves to animals. As humans we have been given the ability to rationalize our actions before we perform them but revengeful acts are not rationalized because if they were humans would see the effects it haves on themselves and others. United States courts are kept in control and are well organized instead of wayward. For justice to continue to reign people must be in control of their urges and emotions so there could be fair trials and un-biased feelings dealing with cases. Revenge threatens control because there is no fairness. Countries that used an eye for an eye a tooth for tooth laws do not continue to exist because there was no control. In conclusion there is nothing fair about revenge it affects us in all aspects of life. It brings us down to the form of animals we lose control over our selves. It clouds judgment, it leads to suffering, and it is hard to stop the feelings. Americas Justice System attempts to seek justice in a calm controlled manner that takes biases and prejudice out of the equation to get a fair trial. Seeking justice is a behavior that is learned but revenge is an urge brought on by human nature that encompasses our whole self. Revenge keeps us from ever having feeling of forgiveness and never helps us to build or repair relationships. But justice gives us a building block to repair torn relationships and sometimes give closure to families or people that have been affected. Revenge helps us to move on from past issues, but revenge continues to makes us dwell on them. Justice humanizes and gives respect to each party, but revenge dehumanizes and causes us to be robots that respond to any stimuli.

To what extent is To Kill a Mocking Bird a novel about prejudice? Essay

To what extent is To Kill a Mocking Bird a novel about prejudice? To Kill a Mocking Bird is set in Maycomb in a small southern American county this is of great importance to the novel. Scout best sums up the situation faced by Maycomb by saying 'There was no hurry. Because there was nowhere to go, nothing to buy and no money to buy it with, nothing to see outside the boundaries of Maycomb'. The people of Maycomb were often inter related and posses traditional 'white conservative' moral values. This is why you would expect prejudice, divisions and narrowmindness to take place. Not many people have travelled outside Maycomb, this means they have not experienced different cultures to their own. This leads to a narrow minded community. To some extent to kill a Mocking Bird is a novel about prejudice as we witness adults attitudes to race and social divisions in the 1930's. The views of the people of Maycomb have not changed over time as they still hold the same rigid ideas as their ancestors. Atticus tells Scout 'You might hear some ugly talk about it (Atticus' case), but do one thing for me if you will: you just hold your head high and keep those fists down'. The people of Maycomb take their anger, of defending Tom Robinson out on Scout. Scouts cousin calls Atticus a 'Nigger Lover'. Scout tries to explain to Atticus 'that it wasn't so much what Francis said that had infuriated me as the way he had said it'. We see how Francis takes his families anger of Atticus' case out on Scout. The prejudice from Blacks to Whites is enormous in the novel. We see how harsh the community of Maycomb is towards Blacks and their hatred for them. In the conviction of Tom Robinson we see how an innocent mans freedom is... ...he Ewells is that the people of Maycomb believed that white people should not get involved with blacks, but Mayella broke this rule. Mayella did not intend to hurt Tom she was lonely and only wanted To seek affection. Mayella does not see blacks the same as the rest of Maycomb. 'There are four kinds of folk in the world. There's the ordinary kind like the neighbours, there and us's the kind like the Cunningham's out in the woods, the kind likes the Ewells down at the dumps and the Negroes'. The blacks are still shown below everybody else this shows the social barriers, which exist amongst the people in Maycomb . To kill a Mocking Bird is more then a book about racism it is about accepting people for who they are. Through out the novel we see how prejudice leads to discrimination. We see how people prejudice because they fear something that is different.

Geography Pedestrian Survey

For this survey, the whole class worked as a group. We started by being given a grided map of Halifax's Central Business District and a small area surrounding it. Our teacher kept a copy of this as the master map. Each square on the map could be identified like the one below. This made identification of points easy. On this map there were (number) points marked by dots (see above) in the Central Business District and beyond. These were then grouped together into groups of approximately seven. The class was then split into pairs, and each pair was then allocated one of the groups of dots. The reason for working in pairs is so that one person could time and one could count the people passing. It was also for safety reasons. Before we started the count, we worked out some rules or guidelines for the whole class to follow. These were to * To count all people that passed, including babies in prams. * To not count pets/ animals * To count everyone on ONE side of the road only, except in precinct locations where everyone in the precinct was counted. A time limit of 5 minutes per point was decided. Each pair then went to their separate points to start counting/ timing. My pair had 6 points to count, so for 3 points person A timed and person B counted, and for the other 3 points, person A counted and B timed. The timer was started at the same time as the other half of the pair began counting. Every person was recorded as a tally on a table like the one below. Each point was named as the grid reference of the square it was in. After 5 minutes the timer was stopped, and the tally totalled. This was repeated for all 6 points. After they had all been done, we reported back and recorded our results on the master map along with the rest of the groups' results. We were all given a copy of this map so we had records for all the points surveyed. We used a tally to count al the pedestrians as it is easy to put a dash for every person and the results could be totalled quickly. This was especially useful in busy locations, where large groups of people were passing at once. We set the time limit because then the whole groups' results would be done over that amount of time. The time limit was set as 5 minutes because this would give us a reasonable time to count for, and the results would not be too high or too low. Problems/ Anomalies Our particular pair did not encounter many problems, but many of the other groups did. The only problem we had that could have affected the results was that the point nearest the bus station could have been affected by buses coming in and out. At the time we counted there weren't many buses, so the tally could have been higher at a different time of day. Here is a list of the problems encountered, as well as some other things that could have affected the survey in any way, and how I overcame them. * The weather, day of the week, date and time were recorded because any of these may have affected the survey. For example, the weather could affect the survey as if it was dry then there would be people outside than if it were raining. The day of the week could affect the survey because there would be a different number of people in town on weekdays than at weekends. The date was important, as there may be more people who would come into town at certain times of the year, for example at Christmas or at holiday seasons. The time of day could affect numbers of people if it was half day for example. Also the closing and opening times of shops must be taken into consideration. * In Halifax's Central Business District there are changes being made, and new buildings being built which occasionally meant that all pedestrians had to walk on one side of the road. This would have affected the results. * A very similar problem was that where roads were being resurfaced or dug up, pedestrians also had to walk around these, creating a disruption in pedestrian flow. * One pair found that they were standing outside the entrance to an office at lunch- time, so large groups of workers created an unusually high pedestrian density. This was because the survey was conducted around lunch- time. If it had been carried out at a different time of day then this would not have been a problem. * There were often a lot of people on streets that were important routes (to the bus station for example) this could mean that high pedestrian densities were found in areas where the other predictions of Central Business District properties weren't necessarily true. For example there may be poor shopping quality and a high pedestrian count if the road led to the Station. In this aspect the survey is flawed, but not many surveys are perfect. As so many points were done, one or two anomalies shouldn't matter too much. * The master map that was used to share out the points and on which all our results were recorded hadn't been photocopied very well. This meant that four points were presumed to be marks on the map and weren't given to anyone to survey. These were F5, F7, F8 and F10. No results were got for these points, but a reasonable estimate can be made using the results form previous surveys carried out at similar times on the same day of the week by another class. I also looked at the points in neighbouring grid squares to try and make a reasonable estimate. When these were compared with the results from the other group, they were found to be very similar. Anomalies * At F5, there were 147 pedestrians counted. This is a very high number for an area not really close to the centre of Halifax's Central Business District, or an area without department stores. This could have been because it is near Netto's and a busy newsagents and crossroads. Other Possible Problems * Groups of school children or any other unusually large groups of people in quiet areas could be a problem. * If a pair were counting outside the theatre and a film had just finished or was just starting, then more people would be around and also on the streets leading to it, especially if it was a new or popular film. * Large sales at big shops (e.g. the ‘Next' sale) often draw large crowds, and people will often queue to get in. This would also create pedestrian anomalies. Was The Survey Successful? These problems prove that the survey was not flawless but the results I got will give me an idea of pedestrian density in Halifax and where the busiest and most quiet areas are. I have covered everywhere in Halifax, but I don't feel that this would be very reasonable. There are gaps in the survey, but it would take a very long time and a lot of people to do a more accurate survey, and I don't think that the results I have would be further improved to make this worthwhile. I have enough data to be able to display in different ways and investigate further. In the next chapter I will start to evaluate these results and look for patterns and relationships. How Could the Survey Be Improved? The survey could have been improved by any of the following methods- * Counting at more points to get a more accurate result. * Repeating the survey at different times on different days, or at the same time on the same day a week later and comparing the results. If this was done, a more accurate picture could be seen, and anomalies more easily spotted. Land Use Survey To carry out this survey, I got a map of Halifax that was on a large enough scale to have every building in it's Central Business District on it. I then thought of all the possible land uses of the buildings in the Central Business District and put them into groups of similar uses e.g. chain stores/ department stores. I then assigned a letter and colour to each of these groups. I gave each group a letter because this could be written onto the map when I was in Halifax and was easier than taking a lot of coloured pencils. I gave each a colour so that I could colour each shop when I got home to make the results clearer. I then went into Halifax to carry out the survey. To carry out this survey I took the map of Halifax ‘s Central Business District, the key and a pencil to mark the letter on each building. I started in one corner of Halifax and walked along every street, marking the buildings as I went. To do the whole of Halifax would have been unreasonable, so I decided to mark groups of similar buildings, even if there may have been the odd one which wasn't in that category. I also went into the Tourist Information to find some more maps and information on Halifax. These helped me fill in any buildings that I had missed. Problems Here is a list of some of the problems that I encountered whilst carrying out the survey. * Some buildings had more than one use on different floors. In this case I recorded the most important use. In cases such as the Piece Hall, they were both classed as one type of shop, because most of the shops there are selling craft item or food. * The main problem I had was that Halifax is undergoing a lot of changes at the moment and a new set of shops was under construction in Woolshops. As the changes are very recent, none of the maps that I have show the new shops, and I had to either draw them in or colour the area as ‘under- construction'. By the time I have finished this project, the shops are likely to be finished, so it is possible that I can update the results then. * Some of the shops were so small that I couldn't fit a letter on them. To overcome this problem, I grouped shops of similar types. Possible Problems * If the town had been any bigger, then survey would have been much more difficult to do, as it would take hours to do every single shop. Was the Survey Successful? I think that the methods I used worked well and using a map and finishing the survey at home saved time. As the point of the survey is to get a general pattern of where the different types of land use that occur in Halifax's Central Business District, I don't think that colouring every single building would have been necessary. Colouring in blocks of similar shops saved time, and though some areas may not have been strictly accurate, the general pattern will not be affected. The survey will help show patterns and groups of similar shops as well as where the main shopping areas are, and where the main business areas are. It should also be related to the Peak Land Value Intersection, but I will investigate this in the next chapter. How Could the Survey Be Improved? The survey could have been improved by any of the following measures- * I could have looked at every single shop- this would have been possible if lots of people did the survey together and put their results together. * A newer map would have created a more up-to-date result. * An even bigger scale map would let me write the names of the shops on, but this isn't really necessary. Model Central Business District To start this survey, I firstly formulated some question to compare Halifax to a model Central Business District. I then got a map of Halifax and worked out where its centre was (See finding the centre of Halifax's Central Business District) and then used a compass to draw concentric circles moving outwards from the centre of Halifax. I drew 6 circles at equal intervals to represent the zones of Halifax's Central Business District and took this map into Halifax. Once in Halifax, I walked through each of the zones and answered the questions while I was there. I also used a map if I was unsure of any of the answers and this helped me when I was back at home. Every question was either a yes or no answer, so most of the time this wasn't a problem. I started in the innermost zone and answered all the questions while I was there, before moving outwards and answering all the questions for the next zone and so on until I had covered most of the areas on my map. Problems There were some problems that I encountered whilst doing this survey. These were- * It was often quite difficult to tell exactly where the zones started and finished, and some zones included a lot of road and some didn't contain any. * Some questions, like the one about building height, are affected by the fact that Halifax's Central Business District buildings are protected. This is because they are of historical value and may mean that they aren't very tall. This would not normally be the case in a Central Business District. * Parking is actually allowed in Halifax's Central Business District but a lot of it is voucher parking. * Some questions were hard to answer; like ‘Wide range of shops?' and ‘high pedestrian counts?' because it was hard to tell where to put the boundaries between high and low pedestrian counts or high and low range of shops. * There are new shops being built at the moment, and it is likely that these will have a high shopping quality, but I can't be sure unless I see them. * It was hard to define the centre of Halifax in the first place, so if it were moved, I would possibly get very different results. * The zones were hard to define in the first place- I was unsure whether to have them as circles, or try to define them by looking at the properties of the different areas and drawing on zones to suit them. Was the Survey Successful? I think that the survey was successful and that using a questionnaire was a good idea. It gave me enough information to be able to make a reasonable comparison in the next chapter. The zones are very hard to define, but I chose to put them at regular intervals, leading out from the centre of the Central Business District. The survey will also help me find patterns, like the land- use survey, and give me a good all round view of the properties of Halifax's Central Business District. In the next chapter I will compare them to the properties of a model Central Business District and see how they relate to each other. How Could the Survey be Improved? The survey could possibly be improved by carrying out a more in-depth study of the position of the centre of the Central Business District. This would ensure that I got the positioning exactly right and zoning correct. This is the only way that I can think of to improve the survey.

Free Essays on Tolstoys Ivan Ilyich

In reading Leo Tolstoy’s â€Å"The Death of Ivan Ilyitch† I have found that there is significance to the philosophies of God as put forth in chapter four (p275-355) of Philosophy: A Text with Readings (Velasquez 2002). With deep thought and contemplation I have deduced that there is implication towards atheism and questioning one’s own of beliefs. More interestingly there seems to be a striking possibility that this story could come from God’s own point of view. As soon as Ivan initially gets out of bed his obligation is to receive his medication. Sensing that there may perhaps exist in it some good, he takes the dosage and without delay he feels like there is no good within it at all. To him it is a deception, as numerous atheists feel that God is a deception. The deception, for atheists, is that theists account for knowledge through non-certifiable assumptions in relation to a divine being. Whereas, compared to a theist, an atheist accounts for their knowledge from the world around them without superficial propositions for the truth. When it comes to the medication the deception according to Ivan is that the medicine is supposed to alleviate his pain, but the pain does not go away. The pain in itself supports the atheistic side of the argument. â€Å"How could an all powerful and perfect being, if one so exists, allow pain and suffering to be conducted among its creatures?† is a common question asked among many atheists. The medication being representative of God and the distressing pain are the ingredients that complete the deception hypothesis. One could argue that you cannot actually see God so how can you compare God to the medication, which can be seen. There is a straightforward response to this question. The medication is only a manufactured representation of what God could look like, just as with any picture ever prepared to represent his/her image. They are only improvised objects used for visual aide to try... Free Essays on Tolstoys Ivan Ilyich Free Essays on Tolstoys Ivan Ilyich In reading Leo Tolstoy’s â€Å"The Death of Ivan Ilyitch† I have found that there is significance to the philosophies of God as put forth in chapter four (p275-355) of Philosophy: A Text with Readings (Velasquez 2002). With deep thought and contemplation I have deduced that there is implication towards atheism and questioning one’s own of beliefs. More interestingly there seems to be a striking possibility that this story could come from God’s own point of view. As soon as Ivan initially gets out of bed his obligation is to receive his medication. Sensing that there may perhaps exist in it some good, he takes the dosage and without delay he feels like there is no good within it at all. To him it is a deception, as numerous atheists feel that God is a deception. The deception, for atheists, is that theists account for knowledge through non-certifiable assumptions in relation to a divine being. Whereas, compared to a theist, an atheist accounts for their knowledge from the world around them without superficial propositions for the truth. When it comes to the medication the deception according to Ivan is that the medicine is supposed to alleviate his pain, but the pain does not go away. The pain in itself supports the atheistic side of the argument. â€Å"How could an all powerful and perfect being, if one so exists, allow pain and suffering to be conducted among its creatures?† is a common question asked among many atheists. The medication being representative of God and the distressing pain are the ingredients that complete the deception hypothesis. One could argue that you cannot actually see God so how can you compare God to the medication, which can be seen. There is a straightforward response to this question. The medication is only a manufactured representation of what God could look like, just as with any picture ever prepared to represent his/her image. They are only improvised objects used for visual aide to try...

Pygmalion by Bernard Shaw and Wide Sargasso Sea by Jean Rhys Essays

Pygmalion by Bernard Shaw and Wide Sargasso Sea by Jean Rhys Essays Pygmalion by Bernard Shaw and Wide Sargasso Sea by Jean Rhys Essay Pygmalion by Bernard Shaw and Wide Sargasso Sea by Jean Rhys Essay Essay Topic: Literature Pygmalion The Taming Of the Shrew Bernard Shaw and Jean Rhys were both influential in their genre fields. Both the play and the novel develop themes of the rights of the individual and how that individual may be set aside from the rest of the society they inhabit. Throughout the development of civilisation there are accepted modes of representation and this is certainly applicable to both playwrights and novelist. Each has certain traditions that have preceded them and it is interesting to see how both Shaw and Rhys conform to a point, yet also resist those conventions within Pygmalion and Wide Sargasso Sea. Looking at the text of Pygmalion we can see that on the surface it does conform to the traditional rules of the structure of the play. The elite method for the written text of the play was for it to be constructed into five separate acts, which were outlined by the Greek philosopher, Aristotle. (Myths and Conventions, Unit 19, page 12) In Act 1, Shaw conforms to the exposition element of his play by introducing all the characters and sets up a promise of what is to happen when Higgins, referring to Eliza, declares that in three months I could pass that girl off as a duchess []. (Pygmalion, page 18) To the audience it would be apparent that this would be no effortless task after hearing Elizas opening words of Nah then, Freddy: look wh y gowin, deah. (Pygmalion, page 16) Formally, the opening is also suitable for its purpose of performance. The sequence with the Eynsdford-Hills conforms to a performance element in the fact that it contains partially irrelevant information. With the settling down of the audience it was important to Shaw to not open with necessary information. However, the fact that the middle classes are the element of ridicule here does contribute to the themes in the play Claras obvious anxiety is comical. In a historical context, many of Shaws audience would actually be middle class citizens and causing them to laugh cynically at this behaviour would motivate them to consider the deeper moral issues in the play. Act 2, defined as the development act continues with Eliza declaring Im coming to have lessons, I am. And to pay for em te-oo. (Pygmalion, page 26) Following Higgins agreement to her proposition they set out to wash and bathe her. Elizas prudish behaviour and marked assertions of I always been a good girl (Pygmalion, page 35) contrast directly with Higgins undomesticated actions and penchant for swearing. Shaw flags up another contradictory element between the classes the issue of middle class morality, which Doolittle later falls prey to. The dynamics of the argument between Doolittle and Higgins in performance would have served Shaws intentions; We want a frankly didactic theatre. (Myths and Conventions, Unit 19, page 34) Mrs Pearces questions and, later in the play, those of Mrs Higgins act in imitation of a classical Greek chorus asking the question of what is to become of Eliza? Looking at the play in a historical context we see that when Shaw was writing Pygmalion in 1912 a new form of realist theatre was emerging. The three stipulations of this type of theatre were that the setting should be sparse, the language should be as close to the audiences own language as possible, and that it should concern serious moral issues. In this sense Shaw was conforming to conventions of his era. He chooses not to use the heightened language of verse and rather includes the gritty cockney accents to highlight the contrasts between societies. In a didactic sense, he draws on the Ovidian myth of Pygmalion to highlight issues surrounding the responsibility of the creator and the individual rights of the created. The Ovidian Pygmalion was rather romantic in conclusion and Shaw reworked this myth in a realistic setting, assuring us that there were wider problems to confront in our own society. Act 3, though conventionally it is meant to be the climax, is not action-filled but rather comically heightened. Elizas transformation is partially complete, in the fact that she can phonetically converse with the middle classes, though the content of what she says is not suitable for her surroundings: Acts 4 and 5, traditionally name the turning-point and dà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½nouement (unravelling) are flouted here. The rags-to-riches element of the play is cast aside when Eliza throws Higgins slippers towards him. Although the turning point is that Eliza does leave Higgins and Pickering, the eventual outcome in Act 5 is not the unravelling that some may have expected, nothing is resolved in a comfortable light as Shaw wanted a realist ending and therefore could not settle Eliza with marriage. Shaw suggested that discussion should take the place of unravelling and the eventual discourse of Doolittles rise in social status, and Elizas comments on her tutors allows Shaw to voice more of his views on the social change he felt was so needed. [] the difference between a lady and a flower-girl is not how she behaves, but how she is treated. (Pygmalion, page 95) Shaw thought that violence to tame wild ways (as in Shakespeares Taming of the Shrew) was a defeatist action. The prevailing class hierarchy is shown to be superficial and the command of phonetics evidently was the key to social mobility. (Myths and Conventions, Unit 19, page 38) Wide Sargasso Sea, written in the 1960s, also challenged current ideas about race, stereotyping and gender, and those of the Victorian novelist, Charlotte Bronte. Wide Sargasso Sea opens with a distinctly unsettling narrative. The point of view is of that of Antoinette, as a child, growing up on her Coulibri estate. Suggestions of conflict are echoed throughout the opening sequence, with Mr Luttrells suicide, and the unfamiliar setting positions the reader with apprehension and a lack of knowledge. The first section of the story is like echoed visions rather than a direct narrative. Jean Rhys uses the imagery of the landscape to suggest the atmosphere of the people of the estate who felt no need to work after the Emancipation Act. All Coulibri Estate had gone wild like the garden. (Wide Sargasso Sea, page 6) From the first person narrative of Antoinette we hear the language of the people around her, Godfrey and Christophine have a peculiar type of dialect a patois, which also unsettles the reader. The unfamiliarity distances us from the action and from identifying with the characters and placing them within a knowable framework. However, the first person narration actually brings us closer to Antoinette and we can feel her isolation more acutely when Tia betrays her. This also sets of the theme of race alongside isolation. The girls differences are not only exemplified through their physical differences; [Tia] had small eyes, very black, set deep in her head. (Wide Sargasso Sea, page 9) They are also set-aside in the social structure both girls are trapped in the racist community where status has seen as inversion following the Emancipation Act. Following Annettes marriage to Mr Mason, Jean Rhys examines English attitudes not only to the Creole population but also to the black community that are now free. Mason misunderstands their danger and his assumptions are based on stereotypes. Theyre too damn lazy to be dangerous. (Wide Sargasso Sea, page 16) Mason is shown to be a typically naà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ve, stiff upper-lipped, Englishman, presuming that English culture is the right way to live and that other cultures are barely more than savagery. Jean Rhys continues to flout the conventions of the Victorian novelist by incorporating more than one narrator. This was typical of the gothic genre an unsettling approach to reading, coupled with Antoinettes recurring nightmares. In the second section, narrated by Antoinettes husband, Jean Rhys exploits the traditional hero of Rochester by proving him to be elusive and emotionally affected by his surroundings rather the solid rogue character in Jane Eyre; [] a wild place. Not only wild but menacing. Those hills would close in on you. (Wide Sargasso Sea, page 42) Rhys thought that a more realistic view would be to show how an individuals circumstance and surroundings could alter their behaviour it is natural for emotions to change and for people to adapt or rebel. Antoinettes husband becomes the alienated being likened to Antoinettes role in Jane Eyre. However, one feature that persistently pervades the dialogue is the widely descriptive language. This is a very common trait of realist writing of the nineteenth century. Jean Rhys uses the description of the wild terrain to reflect the emotional stability of the characters. The stormy weather indicates his emotional unrest and when the decision is made to leave the honeymoon island for England it is the approaching hurricane season that determines when they leave; The hurricane months are not far away. [] The contemptuous wind passes. [] Tied to a lunatic for life a drunken lying lunatic. (Wide Sargasso Sea, page 106) Following this, a more explicit imitation of Jane Eyre follows with a narrative from Grace Poole and another from Antoinette. The suppression is complete and she is emotionally and psychologically broken. Then I open the door and walk into their world. It is, [] made of cardboard [] that has no light in it. (Wide Sargasso Sea, page 117) Both Bernard Shaw and Jean Rhys had strong opinions of what was needed or wrong with the society they inhabited. Shaw highlights the unnecessary degradation of the lower classes and Elizas isolation in her company is similar to that of Antoinette. Both writers use myths to correlate with issues that need resolving in their own world. Shaw uses the myth of Pygmalion whereas Rhys flouts the myth of the mysterious madwoman in Jane Eyre. For as much as they conformed to certain conventions probably subconsciously, as both were educated and steeped in tradition, they also exploited them to suit their purpose. Both Pygmalion and Wide Sargasso Sea deal with a broadly feminist angle that of suppression by their male counterparts. Eliza has little choice of career following her education and Antoinette was virtually sold to her husband. Shaw and Rhys emphasise that nothing is concrete social structure, emotional stability and right and wrong can often be interpreted differently depending o n the circumstance.

Identify and critically evaluate the most significant suitability Essay

Identify and critically evaluate the most significant suitability issues affecting Events or the events industry. What are the prospects for the future - Essay Example There may also be less financial objectives correlated with the thoughts and the feelings during and after the event, of those who are attending it (Raj & Et. Al., 2008). In the paper, a particular event industry will be studied in relation to its sustainable development along with the principles of sustainable operations within the industry. Various facets comprising their financial factors, environmental influence, environmental ethics, various sustainability issues along with their benefits, threats and risks, corporate social responsibilities toward the consumers, environmental audit, marketing procedures and public relations, change of climate and its implications along with carbon footprints and budgets will be taken into the consideration in the discussion of this paper. The paper has been focused particularly on sport events and sport event industry. According to Jones, sustainable development is regarded as the capacity to make sustainable development and also provides a surety that it can comply with the needs of the current situation without considering the capability of future expectations (Jones, 2010). From the ecological or environmental point of view, a sustainable system relating with the environment maintains a constant supply of resources along with avoiding overuse of renewable resources or harmful environmental functions and ultimately diminishes non-renewable resources to a certain extent (Harris, 2000) From the economic point of view, a sustainable development focuses mainly on performing various actions in order to create a better future for the people. Also, it identifies the situations where market prices of the economy do not properly match with the external costs (Harris, 2000). From the social perspective, a sustainable system should perform various functions like proper allocation of equity; maintain the requisites of social services like healthiness,

Top Origin and Destination Locations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Top Origin and Destination Locations - Essay Example Unemployment: the unstable conditions in Mexico due to lack of stable economy has led to an increase in the number of people unemployed yearly. This has facilitated the increase in the number of the Mexican citizens who migrant to USA to seek better employment opportunities. However, this is ironical due to poor skills the immigrants have in handling the jobs available. This leads to most of the immigrants finding themselves jobless even after migration to USA (Alexander, pg6). Wealth: Most of the people in USA are admired due to the perception that the people live in comfort and luxury. This has been a key factor that pull people to migrant to USA to seek these luxuries and comfort those citizens of the USA tend to enjoy (Alexander, pg5). Employment: USA for a long period of time has been acquiring employees from Mexico due to industrious nature of the Mexican citizens. Again the unemployment in Mexico has further contributed to their curiosity to migrant to USA to seek these opportunities for them to prosper in life in terms of wealth generation and happiness. In conclusion, the USA government tends to employ most of the Mexican due to their hand working character. Poverty: The level of poverty in Michigan is very high. This has resulted from poor governance and economic hardships in the state. Most of the cities in this state are very insecure and this discourages investment back into the state. Violence: This state has experienced lots of violence in form of murder, rapes, assault by the police and armed robbery. This has led to lose of hope for people living in this state propelling them to look for better places to live like Texas near Dallas. Texas is a state in USA blessed with lots of industries. The natural oils and gas are produced in this state creating lots of job opportunities for people. Besides employment opportunities, lots of income is generated in this

Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Assessment - Essay Example The research teams have extensive experience in relevant fields hence they can conduct efficient studies and collect relevant disease data of all patients. They are conversant with patient recruitment and retention. The health personnel use both innovative and remote methods to recruit and retain patients to be enrolled for data collection. This body is very important since it has improved the living standards of patients through ethical and up to standard medical research due the professionalism practiced. It is also referred to as Shadow records. Physicians, pharmacists, psychologists and other health professionals maintained records of patients they attend. These records include copies of patient care information cards. The health record departments receive documents that carry information about a particular patient. Records received from Unit Medical Record (UMR) are forwarded to the health professionals to keep together with other patients’ records. All these comprise CMR and should not have any original document other than copies of the originals. CMR can also be Common Medical Record and this represents patient health history. It is mandatory that all health organizations in the Federal government synthesize health history of all patients. CMR is very valuable when health sector or organizations are tracing the root cause of diseases (Kominski, 2000). Health organizations process and reimburse claims. The organization billing departments are responsible for processing claims of third party payers, verification of insurance coverage and billing of Medicare. This process requires that health organizations maintain substantial information. The type of the service provided to the patient determines the type of billing forms that the third party payer will be issued with. The most common standard forms used by health organizations in United States of America are CMS-1450 and UB-92. These forms are submitted to third party

Critical Thinking Reflection Essay Example for Free

Critical Thinking Reflection Essay Select one of the following questions and answer it in 200 to 300 words using the principles of critical thinking you learned in this course. How can we reduce poverty in the United States?  Will receiving a college degree improve your career opportunities? Has the United States peaked as a world power? Will receiving a college degree improve your career opportunities? Once I choice this question immediately my enculturation barrier surfaced, because as soon as I read the question I said to myself well yes it does, and I believe I said that to myself because that what we have all been taught by our parents, teachers, and media, so that’s what I know to be true. After realizing that I allowed my barrier to surface I stopped and started to ask myself questions that might help me figure out what the answer really is on my own. I asked myself things like, where is there proof of this? Are there facts that will support what I currently believe? After going through the series of question in my head I started doing some research. After I completed my research I found information that did support my original thought, but there was also information that I found to be informative but didn’t really go with my thought process. I found things like, â€Å"College grads also tend to make more, which many view as a benefit. According to a study by the Pew Research Center, over a lifetime of work, the typical college graduate earns $650,000 more than the typical high school graduate. (The study also found that college graduates have more stable employment.† (â€Å"Finding the Value in a College Degree,† 2014, para.). Which shows that having a college degree can benefit you. The other information I found that was informative was that â€Å"A college degree doesnt guarantee high earnings. This benefit will depend on your intended major and school.† (â€Å"Finding the Value in a College Degree,† 2014, para.). This tells me that just because someone has a degree it doesn’t mean that they will make more money, they have to have a degree that applies to that job. After asking myself questions and doing some research I am going to say that having a college degree will improve career opportunities. Citation Finding the Value in a College Degree. (2014, September). The Student Loan  Ranger, (), . Retrieved from http://www.usnews.com/education/blogs/student-loan-ranger/2012/09/12/finding-the-value-in-a-college-degree Write, once you have answered the above question, a reflection of the process of critical thinking you used in forming your response. Include the following in your reflection: How does the process of critical thinking you used relate to or differ from the process you used to find content for your answer? How can you use critical thinking in other areas? What steps can you take to ensure that you continue to use critical thinking in the future? Reflection The process of critical thinking that I used to answer my question relates because in critical thinking you have to be willing to think differently and not just go with what you think you already know. You also have to ask yourself question and be able to understand the answers. I believe that I can use critical thinking in other areas by making sure that I am always open minded and be willing to listen and learn form others. The steps that I can take to ensure that I continue to use critical thinking in the future are to be able to acknowledge when I’m letting barriers get in the way, and make sure that I try to avoid them in the future. Other steps that I can take are to make sure that I question almost everything, don’t always go with what someone wants me to believe. I will always ask questions and try my hardest to make sure that I understand the answer. I will also continue practicing and learning about critical thinking as much as a can so I can strive to become an advanced critical thinker.

Analysis of the UK Approach to Work Training and Skills Essay -- uk wor

Training and skills shortages have been a concern to industry and part of the national debate since pre-war years, resulting in many schemes and approaches by successive governments to confront these challenges over the years (Keep, 2012).Indeed political parties, trade unions and employers regardless of political affiliation agree that training and skills are essential components of economic success and competitiveness (Grugulis, 2007).Governance of the skills and training system in the UK is overseen by the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills, (BIS) which is a government department, partnered with the Skills Funding Agency, whose role is to fund and promote adult further education and skills training in England. Although, the Government Department aims to improve the Quality and efficiency in training and skills there are no regulations to support the actions. This essay will analyse the UK approach to work training and skills in view of current data and in comparison t o specific countries Despite the various frameworks and initiatives by successive Governments, the UK has traditionally led a voluntarist market based approach to training, hence, it is left to individual employers whether they train their staff or not, with Governments attempting instead over the years to address skills shortages by policy innovation and the provision of infrastructures for the supply of skills (Gold et al, 2013). This approach favoured by the UK is based on assumptions of free market principles, that organisations are more competitive and efficient and can target training needs effectively to their needs. (Redman et Al, 2009).Although, it could be argued that the UK in setting up frameworks and initiatives are seeking to influence... ... (2013), UK Commissions Employer Skills Survey Results 2013, [Online] Available: http://www.ukces.org.uk/assets/ukces/docs/publications/ukces-employer-skills-survey-13-executive-summary-81.pdf [Accessed 20/02/2014] Saks, A. M. & Haccoun, R. R. 2010. Managing Performance Through Training and Development, Nelson Education. Simon Smith, Peter Stokes, John Wilson, (2014) "Exploring the impact of Investors in People: A focus on training and development, job satisfaction, and awareness of the Standard", Employee Relations, Vol. 36 Iss: 3 Stewart, J. & Rogers, P. 2012. Developing People and Organisations, Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development. Telegraph, (2014) Apprentices are for life, not just for this week. [Online] Available:http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/jobs/10679733/Apprentices-are-for-life-not-just-for-this-week.html [Accessed 01/003/2014]

Death and Afterlife Beliefs Essay

There remains no scientific evidence or facts which can prove the existence of the after life. Such concepts like reincarnation, salvation, and near-death experiences have been very controversial topics of debate over the years. However, different religions, philosophies and spiritual beliefs from different cultures amazingly provide very detailed and meticulous explanation about the concept of death and the afterlife. These explanations vary as their core of ideologies and philosophies vary as well. The Mesopotamian civilization has been known for its very rich culture and tradition. During the reign of the civilization, a lot of discoveries and inventions have been made which eventually led to some modern advancement as well. In addition to this, the Mesopotamian culture also had a very interesting view of death and eternal life. According to the ancient Mesopotamian belief, the world can be divided into three different layers: these are the heaven, the netherworld and the living world (Cornell University [CU] academic site, 2004). The divine beings or the gods and goddesses are believed to reside the heavens. This place is said to be exclusive for these holy beings. The netherworld on the other hand was believed to be the â€Å"imprisoning† place after death which is also described as the house of darkness and a place, where no one, to any further extent, can escape. According to Mesopotamian myths in relation to King Gilgamesh’s adventures and stories about Ishtar, the descent to the netherworld is really frightening but inevitable, and that in fact, even Gilgamesh himself went on his adventures in trying to escape this place. Lastly, the living world was described to be the world where all living beings reside and survive the days with their humane and worldly needs. Although this culture recognizes the existence of death and afterlife in the netherworld, Mesopotamians believed that a man can still escape the course of death and the dark netherworld by being righteous and trying to connect and have an intimate relationship with God. The Egyptian tradition and beliefs of death and the afterlife on the other hand, can also be considered one of the most culturally rich traditions in the world. Deaths of Egyptians are rather commemorated and venerated than mourned. They were more focused on the preservation of the body as a positive ritual in giving the dead a pleasant afterlife state. Ancient Egyptians would also design the tombs of the dead with scriptures, holy verses, poems, and beautiful sculptures of scenes of the afterlife in the hope that the spirit of the dead will be at a peace and be granted prosperity in the afterlife. The tomb of the dead is also packed with necessities that the owner might need or want to bring with him/her in the afterlife. The afterlife in Egyptian culture was described as a place where there are beautiful canals, dams, and farms where the yield of the fruit-bearing trees and crops is never-ending (Williams, 2008). Life in ancient Egypt in general has been blessed being resided along the banks of the Nile River where people always have sufficient resources. This somehow explains why Egyptians also looks forward to a blessed afterlife. They have been used to living life bountiful with resources that is why they would always hope to find the same bountiful afterlife like the life of the living. On the other hand, the culture of the Greeks and the Romans (Greco-Romans) was rather more personified and mythical. Concepts of death and afterlife were incorporated with very detailed descriptions of gods and goddesses. The life of ancient Greeks was always bounded and guided by these gods and goddesses who were believed to have the ability to talk and live with them. According to the ancient Greek mythology, as a person dies, his/her psyche or soul is being release through a puff or breath of wind (Metropolitan Museum of Art). Death in ancient Greek tradition also had very elaborate rituals that were divided into three parts: the prothesis, ekphora and the internment. During the prothesis, relatives and loved ones of the dead come and pay respect. And during the ekphora, the dead shall be brought to the cemetery through a procession which happens before dawn. And then finally, the deceased will come to its final rest through the internment. The concept of afterlife for the Greeks was clearly described through the stories of the Iliad and Odyssey which was able to write a very detailed account of the Greek mythology. Homer noted in the Odyssey the early description of the underworld where the dead people all go. The place was described as a place underneath the earth where Hades, the brother of Zeus and Poseidon reigns. A person who enters the underworld can never go back. However, there were also stories told about great people who were able to go to the underworld to talk to their deceased loved ones and were able to go back to the world of the living. But the success of these people required trickery and deception of the king of the underworld, Hades. Hercules was one of the great Greek characters, who was able to return from the underworld. But knowing that Hercules was half-immortal, it was also understandable that he could do such a thing. And because the life of the Greeks has been closely guided by several gods and goddesses, it was also believed that a person can possibly escape the deep and frightening walls of the underworld by having a close and intimate relationship with the gods. Through this, people to whom gods and goddesses are mostly pleased are sometimes brought to the heavens (Olympus) to live an immortal life with them. The most popular story about death and afterlife in Christianity is probably that of the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. For Christians, it was taught that Christ died on the cross, then after three days he rose from the dead and eventually rose up to the heavens, body and soul. This story has been the inspiration for the spiritual lives of all Christians. The resurrection of Christ from the dead has been the greatest affirmation to Christians that there really is life after death. And from this story, a lot have already been told in Christian bible about the life after death. This concept has been argued by the apostle Paul to the disbelievers, he said: â€Å"Now if Christ is proclaimed as raised from the dead, how can some of you say there is no resurrection of the dead? If there is no resurrection of the dead, then Christ has not been raised; and if Christ has not been raised, then our proclamation has been in vain and your faith has been in vain. † (1Corinthians 15. 12-14 qtd. in Houben). For Christian believers, every person has a soul (dualism) and that soul is what lives after the person dies. The soul can either rest in heaven or continuously suffer in hell depending on how s/he was able to live his/her life. These concepts of heaven and hell have been the guiding idea of the Christians to how they live their lives. According to teachings, one shall be accepted in heaven if s/he was able to follow the commandments of the Lord, and if s/he was able to be righteous in his life in accordance to the word of the Lord. On the other hand, one shall suffer the pains of hell if s/he did bad things in considerably most of his/her life and s/he chose to live against the will of the Lord and his teachings. Over the years, this has been the main teaching to Christians about heaven and hell. Christians would describe the heaven as the place where there are golden roads and castles. A place where there are bountiful trees and crops that never runs out of yield, and also, a place where there is no more suffering. The heaven was indeed taught as a paradise after death, where hell on the other hand was described as the complete contrary and was further depicted as the worse place one can ever be in. The burial and commemoration rights for the dead among Christians are also somewhat detailed. They would lament and pay respect to the dead for a couple of days, gathering the family, and offering flowers and prayers to the dead and to the family. During these gatherings, the dead is often remembered and prayed for. The prayers were believed to help the soul of the departed reach to the heavens easily. After the lamentation, the dead shall now be brought to its last venue where flowers and significant items to the dead are being buried with it into the grave. And the commemoration of the dead does not end there because Christians celebrate the life of the dead on the same day of their deaths every year which is called their death anniversary. Looking at these different perspectives about death and the afterlife, we can observe that there are several similarities and differences among the religions or spiritual beliefs discussed. The Mesopotamian, Greco-Roman and Christian cultures all believe in the concept of heaven or paradise and hell or underworld after death. This concept of a very beautiful and peaceful place after death has been evident in the teachings of the three cultures. All of them also taught that only righteous people can ascend to the heavens and be with the gods. The Mesopotamian and Greco-Roman cultures similarly described the underworld as the place where the dead inevitably go. These two cultures also described the underworld as place where people cannot escape anymore once they are there. While the Christians believed in the concept of hell as a frightful place where people who chose to be bad shall go after they die. The Egyptian culture also shared that similarity with that of the Christians and the Greco-Romans in terms of lamentation and burial rights. All these three cultures lament or commemorate the death of their loved ones in belief that this would please the dead. These cultures also practice very detailed burial rights in order to give the dead a peaceful cross over. There may be similarities in the practices of these religions or cultures; however their core beliefs are completely different from each other. Over the years, we have relied on spiritual and religious teachings to find hope and explanation if there really is life after we die. We as human beings have that natural urge to find out what can possibly happen to us after death, but even how different or similar religious teachings might explain death and afterlife; we must understand that the answer will always depend on what specific religious belief we stick to and what beliefs we have about life itself. These religions or spiritual beliefs may vary in explaining the concepts of death and afterlife, but these differences come from the differences they have with their ideologies.