ECOLOGY, SUSTAINABILITY & THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT Essay

ECOLOGY, SUSTAINABILITY & THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT - Essay ExampleIn essence, the principal of sustainability encompasses several(prenominal) significant considerations that are associated with the concept of development as the foundations of this practice aim to course towards the justification of resources for coming(prenominal) use. Grierson (2009 p.143) identifies two key objectives of sustainable development which are outlined as the attainment of an enhanced note of life for all(prenominal) forms of life on Earth and striking a balance between the sparing and social activities that are conducted by human beings and the efficient utilization of resources that have been granted by the immanent environment. However, the aforementioned definition of sustainable development only represents a fraction of what the concept actually core and what it signifies in relation to the built environment. Indeed, sustainability must be practiced in each and every issue to ensure that the planets ability to sustain life successfully is prolonged once the protection of natural resources is ensured. Nevertheless, the amalgamation of sustainability in architecture highlights the importance of comprehending the gravity of the situation and exploring areas of observation that require procession so that the objectives of sustainable development can be achieved. ... Guy (p.126) understands that sustainable design is not solely a topic which needs to be evaluated or critiqued upon by means of abundant literature this notion is best supported by the fact that even in todays day and jump on the quest for uncovering the ideal solution which dictates the best practice of sustainable architecture has not been open yet. Grierson (2009 p.145-146) expounds upon the challenges which are posed by the development of sustainable design by stating that any initiative which aims to work towards the establishment of sustainable communities should examine the several challenges that coul d arise as a consequence of this decision so that any difficulties or drawbacks are avoided in the future. The evaluation of sustainable design and development frameworks comprises of descriptions of various formulation methods and procedures that are characterized by a high demand for quality which in turn encompasses economic, financial, social and environmental factors (Grierson 2009 p.146). Grierson (2009 p.146) postulates that the sustainability of a building should be calculated on the basis of its life cycle, which fundamentally implies that the quality of all aspects that are associated with the building must be considered to arrive at thorough conclusions. This notion is also bear witness by the research of Head (2006 p.5) who represents a comprehensive urban development framework by specifically taking into account a sustainable approach that is present in the researchers shift study of Dong Tan Eco-City. The study recommends the adoption of an integrated approach to va lue through amend design by highlighting the factors that are associated with

Unit 3 DB introduction to law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Unit 3 DB introduction to law - Essay ExampleSimilarly, the department is responsible for administration of prisons and other correctional facilities in which it offers services such as supervision of the facilities and provision for the convicts needs within the correctional systems (Gaines and Miller, 2011 Siegel and Worrall, 2012). another(prenominal) law enforcement agencies also provide services in the same area. The department for example shares law enforcement roles with the natural law department and investigative roles with the Federal Bureau of Investigations (Lambert and Regan, 2001, p. 123).I hold the opinion that the department is not adapted in its scope of duty. This is because its roles are diverse in technical fields that require different and vary expertise. I would therefore recommend, is I had an opportunity, that the department be streamlined into a specialized role or be structured with independent and specialized sub departments (Lambert and Regan,

PA Mod 5 disc Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

PA Mod 5 disc - Assignment Exampley include improving its coordination with other emergency response agencies as well as its unity of command, modernizing its information systems to boost counterterrorism. Lastly, the reports recommendations similarly suggest that FBI should improve its strategic abstract of terrorist networks and groups as well as their communion methods.A number of the Commissions recommendations have to just about extent been implemented both by the subsequent laws and the executive order. For example, unity of command has significantly change through the establishment of a joint action where information sharing (Decker, 188) On the other hand, the means has learnt how to communicate and work in harmony with each other. The allocation of a portion of the radio spectrum called the D-block without delay to public safety for a nationwide network, which would in-turn ensure a network of communication between the agencies has also been adopted.In conclusion, the recommendations of the 9/11 Commissions report recommendations have largely been good for the mission because they have not only enhanced the power of the agency to collect data and intercept communication but also to collect information during the investigation of terrorism. Although it is hard to tell whether the proposed reforms will help in terrorism prevention, I believe these new provisions will work toward ensuring that FBI as an agency is able-bodied to fight terrorism

Environmental Science Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Environmental Science - Research physical composition ExampleThis power is not limited to controlling the face of our own government through consistent, record-breaking, scat contributions, but also the fate of millions of people and the planet itself through jobs, resource exploitation, pollution, working conditions, energy consumption, afforest destruction, and so on. Make no mistake, these new power centers are not democracies. We dont balloting for the CEOs or the policies (unless we are rich enough to be significant shareholders, who are intercommunicate enough to know whats going on, and compassionate enough to care about more than sound personal profit), yet our destinies are increasingly left in their hands. The Solution As these power centers shift, we must shift our own voices if we wish to be heard. As citizens, on norm, we might vote once either four years, if at all. As consumers, we vote every single day with the purest form of power money. The average family spends around $18,000 every year on goods and services. Think of it as casting 18,000 votes every year for the kind-hearted of world you want to live in. Unfortunately, as difficult as it is to find good, solid information on candidates during an election year, its often even harder to find good, solid information on corporations.

Strong Interest Inventory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Strong Interest Inventory - Essay Examples which matches the interests as easily as the personal styles in relation to issues such as leadership qualities and risk taking abilities of the individuals is actually important for the students as there is a strong relationship between the interests, preferences and personality. The school counselor overly interacts with the students who are experiencing social or personal problems, and after identifying the issues aids them by providing counseling for achieving their academic and race goals.Due to legislative compulsions, the schools are required to update their showing programs and design new assessment methods. on that point are standardized tests developed by the test publishers. In the recent years new editions of the Tests of work and Proficiency Batteries have been released by the reputed test publishers. They also publish interest inventory tests which broadly broadside the students vocational or academic interests. Attitud e and personality scales used for measurement cover various parameters. For casing the results of theMyers-Briggs Type Indicator(MBTI) assessment (CPP Inc., 2004) includeScores on the take aim of interest on distributively of the sixHolland Codesor General Occupational Themes.Holland Code Themesinclude Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, and Conventional.Standardization A standardized test conducted under standard conditions and vigilance, with specified time limits and scores are either norm or touchstone referenced, and interpreted as per standards consistently. The standardized tests are useful in the assessment of academic success or achievement, and could also be effectively used for diagnostic testing in counseling for identifying weaknesses such as reading and writing skills as well. ACT, SATII, GRE, MAT, GMAT, MCAT and LSAT are some of the good examples of standardized tests.Norming Norm refers to average level of achievement or performance in rela tion to a group. Norm-referenced tests

RAW #7 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

RAW 7 - Essay Example2. The contracts have terms of credit that vary from contract to contract. the terms of a contract providing a foundation for economic ethics delightful to a diverse set of imaginary contractors (some greed- driven egoists, some deeply religious artruists, most in all likelihood in between) (Donaldson and Dunfee 26)3. The macro- social contracts are based on the assumption that there is rationalism among the contractors as they hold up the facts that are entailed. not afflicted inconsistency or logical confusion (26)6. Those who undertake the experimental aspect on social contract are not aware of the political and economic preferences of contractors. we are confronted with undecided mix of contractor preferences (Donaldson and Dunfee 27)The list above shows the argument of Donaldson and Dunfee in relation to macro- social contract understanding. These main points can be used as the basic principles that govern the same kind of

Power Analysis in the Workplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Power Analysis in the Workplace - Essay ExampleHe commands within 230 employees under his department. Pratt is responsible for company takings, supervises employees under him, ordinance wares materials of the company, and he liaises with top management. Interpersonal power The power that head of production in Coca skunk company has is positioned based power owing to the position he hold in the company. Head of production uses ordered power to influence role players servicing under his command to complete dissimilar task as per the company requirement. He is able to exercise the powers conferred in his office to bring positive or negative results in companys production. Workers serving under his docket are answerable to him. He schedules various production activities in the production line as deemed best. He grants permissions and leaves to employees after reviewing their demands. The head of production had legitimate powers to exercise coercive power in the company. He could fire an employee who fails to uphold standards of the company after some(prenominal) monitions. Coercive power is evident when head of production has to make tough decisions, which would influence the life of an employee serving under him. It is not surprising to see some employees granting in the company following measures taken against them. When a worker fails to discharge his duties as expected in the company, the head of production would sound a warning depending on the amount of wrong handted by the employee. Sometimes a worker may commit a felony, which warrants suspension. In this case, the head of production reviews the file of the worker, identifying the workers attitude and out put to the company. When the file of the worker indicates that he is not prone to such kind of felony, the head of operation gives a warning. Head of production exercises give back power in the company by influencing promotion of employees in the company. Head of production uses his reward pow er to appreciate hard working employees in production departmen

Contemporary Study of the Impact of Standardization and Harmonization Dissertation

Contemporary Study of the Impact of normalisation and Harmonization of be Standards - Dissertation lessonHowever, the existence of dissimilar accounting practices can be a crucial challenge linked with the aforesaid(prenominal) procedure. In this similar context, ethical dilemma plays an imperative part in harmonising along with standardising the accounting standards as it concerns certain significant moral values that include honesty, reliability, durability and integrity among others. From research methodological viewpoint, two quantitative as well as qualitative research approaches have been taken into concern. Moreover, valuable entropy associated with this research study has been collected through the execution of structured interviews in the form of questionnaires that has been administered to the officials of the companies following contrasting accounting standards like IASB and IFRS among others. Besides, hypothesis testing by utilising a statistical tool of correlation as a form of meta-analysis has also been considered for this particular research study. Table of Contents Abstract 2 Chapter 1 Introduction 5 1.1Background 5 1.2 research Problems 6 1.3Research Aims and Objectives 7 1.4Methodological Overview 8 Chapter 2 Literature Review 10 2.1 Importance of standardisation and Harmonization of Accounting Standards 10 2.2 Advantages of Standardization and Harmonization of the Accounting Standards 12 2.3 Challenges of Standardization and Harmonization of the Accounting Standards 14 2.4 Role of good Dilemma in Standardization and Harmonization of the Accounting Standards 15 2.5 External Influencing Factors to Support or To Oppose the Benefits of Standardization and Harmonization 17 Chapter 3 Research Methodology 19 3.1 Research Design 19 3.2 Data Collection and Evaluation 22 3.3 Ethical Consideration 24 Chapter 4 Findings 25 4.1. Benefit of Standardisation and Harmonisation to Its Users 25 4.2 Benefits Accordingly Achieved by Companies in the Rece nt Phenomenon 26 4.3. Role of Ethical Dilemma in Obtaining the Benefits from Standardisation and Harmonisation 29 4.4. External Influencing Factors to Support or To Oppose the Benefits of Standardization and Harmonization 30 4.5 Hypothesis Testing 37 Chapter 5 Discussion 40 5.1. Reasons or Motivations behind Standardisation and Harmonisation of the Accounting Standards 40 5.2. Advantages and Challenges of Standardization and Harmonization of the Accounting Standards 43 Chapter 6 Conclusion and Recommendations 49 References 53 Bibliography 61 Appendix 64 Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Background The perception of standardisation is fundamentally described as the process of creating logical business methods throughout different locations or divisions. This particular concept tends to diminish the jeopardy of failure by consistently complying with the business related operational expenditures as well as the performance based objectives (Richen & Steinhorst, 2005). Relatively, the vagary of harmonisation is commonly described as the adjustment of the inconsistencies or the differences prevailing amid various business constitution standards, procedures, specifications and protocols (NSCA, n.d.). Contextually, the Accounting Standards (ASs) are primarily recognised as the specific guidelines which are duly authorised by the skilled professionals relating to any accounting, regulatory or government body. The ASs comprises the significant

How the company combine to satisfy shareholders and the demands of Dissertation - 1

How the company agree to satisfy shargonholders and the demands of society with no impact on the profitability - Dissertation ExampleThrough these dickens elements, the reality of the worldwide market, of virtual realities and faster access and exchange of information are realized (Brooke et al., 2004 Chandra, 2008 Soros, 2002 Suarez-Orozco & Qin-Hilliard, 2004), creating a vision of a bust world across the globe. However, in 2007, the world has been hit by spherical economic crisis, which has led to serious difficulties in the lives of ordinary people (Roth 2009 Yandle 2010). The global financial meltdown has edit into limelight the relationship and tariff of businesses to the society as the economic crisis has been precipitated by excessive risk fetching of businesses and masking its dangerous actions through, corporate philanthropic, activities (Bordo, 2008 Lin-Hi, 2010 Reinhart, 2008). The nonion of economic institutions having social responsibilities has been widely dis cussed in the past two decades (Campbell, 2007). This coincides with the fact that also in the last two decades the influence and power of corporations have grown repayable to global presence of multinational corporations and trans- national corporations, which pave for more jobs and resources, higher standard of living and better social conditions (Uccello, 2009). Nonetheless, it should be noted, that the idea of economic institutions of being responsible not only in fulfilling their fiducial responsibilities to the shareholders, solely also satisfying the public interest and stakeholders demands have been proposed already as early as the 1930s (Hemingway, 2002). As such, the concept of corporate social responsibility is not something new, but it has long been prize that corporations have responsibilities towards, employees, shareholders, consumers, local communities, natural environment and other stakeholders (Hemingway & Maclagan, 2004 Zolsnai, 2006). However, due to the globa l financial crisis the urgency to tonicity into the purpose and relationship of economic institutions (businesses) in the society becomes necessary. The global financial crisis has concretely shown that actions of corporations are not happening in a vacuum, but it has a direct effect not only to the shareholders but also to all stakeholders (Lin-Hi, 2010). In this regard, this research bequeath look into how company combines satisfaction of both the shareholders and stakeholders and on how this can be measured. The research leave alone be mainly dealing with corporate social responsibility however, the research will attempt to provide alternative insights regarding CSR because the study will be conducted with the experience of the global financial meltdown as its beacon. The experience demands that CSR be re-understood with clearer parameters and measures that will assist people and stakeholders as attempts are made to further clarify the purpose and relationship of businesses in the society. 2. LITERATURE REVIEW In the books review, current trends and discussions regarding corporate social responsibility (CSR) will be presented. The discussion will cover third sections. The first part will be dealing with the nature of CSR, while the second part will be touching on the apparent relationship among CSR, shareholder satisfaction and profitability. Finally, the third part will be about the means undertaken to determine the impact of CSR. To be able to embark on a discussion, the research has conducted a library research. The electronic databases Academic Source Complete, Business Source Complete, Jstor, Google Scholar, PsycheInfo and ERIC have been searched exploitation a

Congress and Presidency in the United States Essay

Congress and Presidency in the get together States - Essay ExampleThe federal government of the United States is divided into three branches that are intended to perform separate functions independently. These branches are the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary. However, the legislature is more correctly since it has the role of oversight and making laws that affect the operations of the arm of government. The president, on the other hand, is the head of enjoin and plays a significant role in the coordination of the executive to deliver its mandate to the citizens. Therefore, in that location is a dependence created by the Congress and the presidency, and they share legislative powers (Dewhirst and Rausch, 2009). While the doctrine of separation of powers was intended that the three arms act autonomously, it has turned out over time that it is a system of shared powers. According to Richard Neustadt, a president is a person trusted by the public to offer viable soluti ons to problems. Thus, he or she should work not as a master, but as a coworker with the elected leaders in the Congress (Lee, 2012). In this regard, the primary duties of the presidency are to persuade the Congress to legislate on crucial matters. Similarly, the Congress also depends on the president to signs bills into law, thereby making the sharing of power more conspicuous. Nevertheless, there are constitutional provisions that allow the Congress to pass bills into laws. For instance, if the president fails to sign a draught bill in 10 days, it automatically becomes law.

Ranking method Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ranking method - Research newspaper ExampleThe users dont have to scan through every webpage to find the relevant ones or those with relevant tweets or news.Many ranking functions have been developed for the purpose of evaluating the websites and the web mental abilitys. Each of these functions is base on a diametric algorithm which uses a certain criteria to evaluate the relevance of web content and the data.This paper will consider three separate papers that make an illustration of the use different criteria to apply the ranking algorithm to solve ranking problems based on different aspects. We will desire to find out the themes that argon common in these papers, the non-overlapping concepts and any disagreements.We will also determine the conglomerate ranking algorithms and their use by researchers to improve ranking. The various aspects of the ranking algorithms will also be looked at to determine their importance to internet users.In the world today, there is an exponenti al increase in the bespeak for information which has been highly facilitated by the advancement of informational technology. This has resulted in the development of billions of online items and websites that tryto satisfy the users needs. Most of these items and websites do not serve the interest of the users fully. Therefore there is the need to optimize these items by ranking them consort to their usefulness and also gather information on the usefulness of various websites to users 2.In this paper, we analyze three research papers which mainly revolve around improving the user experience in the online industry. The articles are Dupret etal 1, Feng etal 2 and Kumar etal 3. Each one of them compliments the other in that they all propose how to optimize ranking of items in a website and how to evaluate the success by deriving the user engagement using a proposed metric.A summary of how to optimize the informational items found online will be provided which largely try to address th e problems

E-book Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

E-book - Essay ExampleThe researchers employed pot type of data gathering. E-mail questionnaires were direct which facilitated the survey of researches in the academic and research environment, specifically in the Indian Institute of Science and applied science about their use of e-books on their line of work. This helped the researchers gather the pertinent information on the completion of the research. The survey was done on July 2004 and was drafted according to the objectives drawn by the researchers which gave birth to 27 questions.Of the hundred and one questionnaires that were completed, 85 (84.15 percent) were from students, 16 (15.84 percent) were from staff. Of the surveyed respondents, 37 were able to use the free trial offer between June and July 2004. This data represents 36.63 percent of the 101 respondents and 1.66 staff as a whole. Meanwhile, the results showed that 29.40 percent or 60 of the 101 had used e-books at least(prenominal) once. Simply put, the response s gathered from the data gathering procedure show that the students are more inclined in this kind of technology more than the faculty members and staff.

War Songs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

fight Songs - Essay Example state of contend SongsThe modern society just like the ancient society use music to express to fightm, teach, praise, and console the society. War is like a double aged sword that slenderize with both edges. In the same way, war has devastating effects to the parties involved in it. Though war may be necessary in the society, it is always wise to choose peace. With this understanding, this paper explores the effects of war in the society.Quest for political supremacy is a major factor that contributes to war in the world. semipolitical wings, which crave for power, may sometimes fail to identify the need for peace, thus instigating war in the society. In many cases, war has many negative impacts to the world than positive impacts. War has psychological, physical, economical, and social effects to the society. War period is a difficult time for the soldiers and the civilians. People abandon their normal activities and search for peaceful environment. Children and women normally face the worst time in their lives during war because they are weak. Running from one battleground to the new(prenominal) would be difficult for women and children. When mothers and children flee from war torn regions, the males would be walking into the battlefield.I oppose war because of effects it has to the community. These effects include destruction of property and life. War is a destroyer of human efforts. many a(prenominal) social norms advocate for human rights, but war destroys human life. Bob Dylan song, With God On Our Side, portrays how following for power can lead to war.

Dwight D Eisenhower Contributions towards the USA Revolution Research Paper

Dwight D Eisenhower Contributions towards the USA Revolution - Research Paper ExampleLater on in life, he was married and had a family of two sons, serving as the Chief of Staff in the Army during the presidency of Harry Truman. He ventured into politics in 1952 and won with a clear legal age defeating Democrat candidate Adlai Stevenson, himself being a Republican. During his reign as the United States chairperson, he oversaw many political and social changes with the help of Richard Nixon his Vice President. In his presidency the implementation of the Highway Act cannot be overlooked and its importance in the transformation of American infrastructure and commerce. The country before his reign president had see owing(p) transformations in the automobile sector and ownership of cars had increased necessitating new and well-maintained roads. His National System of the interstate and defense Highways was a striking innovation that helped in the transformation of America (Bennett 45 1). The new highway arranging, arguably the commodiousest public works project to be engaged in America in its History, back up the speed of transport. However, every great side has a dark shadow and so did his noble idea. The great highway system is directly linked to hindering growth of cities, destruction of neighborhoods, and greatly hurt the environment. The great Interstate Highway system had elements of being helpful and at the same magazine destructive as has been argued by historian Evan Bennett who raised a question as to whether the highways were to ruin or highways to heaven.The highway was constructed in pursuant to the 1956 Federal Act.... The highway was constructed in pursuant to the 1956 Federal Act on aid to highways, future(a) major campaigns by President Dwight D. Eisenhower. The highway forms the second longest road in the world with its certify day 47,182 miles its archetypal phase having taken 35 years for construction. The need for the highway at that t ime was rife following the unsafe roads that had numerous accidents and had recorded high numbers of deaths than before its inception. The Presidents quest to have the road constructed was reinforced by the defense part, as there were great fears of the Cold War (Mumford 234). His belief and support for construction of new highways is traced back to 1919 when he joined the first United States Armys Cross-Country Motor Transport Train. The team was on a tutelage to learn how motor vehicles would cross the country (Whitman 70). He attributed his vision of the highway from Germany, which had made him see the apprehension of broader ribbons across America instead of two-lane highways (Murphy 50). Dwight D. Eisenhower took immediate action upon assuming office, writing a marriage proposal to Congress on the creation of transcontinental highway system (Murphy 50). He signed the act on highways into law on June 26, 1956 that provide for federal government funding of the project to a tun e of 90%. The states in this case contributed only 10% of the funding. The immediate negative effects of the construction were the increases in gasolene and tire taxes to fund the project (Faber 26). The highway also saw the first standardization across states in America making the roads less dangerous than before the inception of the highway (Frissell 2). The highway system did not benefit the transport sector only, but had other economic effects on unlike sectors. Faster

Identity of Interpersonal relationships Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

indistinguish force of Interpersonal relationships - Essay ExampleIdentity and perception for typesetters case manifest themselves through social interactions with others. Through such interactions, people allot ideas and deepen views on varying topical issues in a society. The interactions thus portray the uniqueness of the values of an undivided all of which portray both their identities and perceptions or so the topical issues.Talk and interpersonal relationships on the other clear are the basis of social interactions. The success of such interactions relies on the uniqueness of an individual and their ability to commit in force(p) social interactions through tittle-tattle. Humans are social beings who rely on social interactions and talk to create reliable interpersonal relationships. People create new interpersonal relationships on a nonchalant basis. Some of such relationships persist while others die. The survival of the interpersonal relationships relies on the iden tities and perceptions of the respective individuals in the relationships. As explained earlier, identicalness refers to the uniqueness of every individual. People therefore form interpersonal relationships depending on their ability to share similar values. The ability to share similar values on the other hand arises from the similarity of the identity of the people.Every profession requires effective personalities and the ability to form successful interpersonal relationships. A journalist for example is a social individual capable of interacting with different people appropriately. A journalist should create effective and reliable relationship with other journalists from other institutions. This way, another journalist would readily share information about news events thereby helping one obtain scoops where possible. Such relationships are forms of friendships that rely on the ability of an individual to share social values with the friend. Additionally, a journalist interviews varied news sources on a daily basis. The

Responsibilities of parenthood Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Responsibilities of p atomic number 18nthood - Essay ExampleAnd all of the above values and etiquettes be well inculcated by kids during common meal times. Thus, importance of having meal (and more preferably dinner because of its wipe show up of the day aura) together as a whole family is quite beneficial for children in terms of nutritionary richness of food provided and the family conversation at the dining duck. As cited from Rocketts article 1Family dinner has been identified as a foundation of healthful food choices, possibly because of the higher quality of food served and the family conversations at the dinner table about healthful eating.1Family dinner has been from historical point of view important for that special fundamental interaction between its members that makes the bond between them stronger and everlasting in times of distress or threat. From the childrens point of view, family dinners argon important to understand the family values as well as other family me mbers. meals together send the essence that citizenship in a family entails certain standards beyond individual whims. This is where a family builds its identity and culture. Legends be passed down, jokes rendered, egressually the wider knowledge base examined through the lens of a familys values. In addition, younger kids pick up vocabulary and a mind of how conversation is structured 4.The meal time ritual is important for both its social a... There are other benefits of taking the last meal of the day together, as explained family dinner has opposite effect on weight gaining ability of adolescent children 1. The direct relation is still under research (as of when the article was written), barely taking a meal with family ensures a healthy and appropriate amount of meal goes inside children and seemly eating habits are formed from childhood itself. However, all is not said and done regarding family issues. There are many variables involved in the working of homes and famili es & every individual has to mould him/herself according to the circumstances public at home. Double-income parents who have evening meetings that take them away from the table, workaholic spouses who dont come home at all, ringing cry and last-but not the least- those ghastly memories of how children particularly when they are very small, behave when theyre at the table 3. Historical purview of family dinner 4Back in the really olden days, dinner was seldom a ceremonial event for U.S. families. Only the very wealthy had a separate dining room. For most, meals were informal, a kind of rolling refuel often only the men sat down. Not until the mid--19th century did the day acquire its middle-class rhythms and rituals a proper dining room became a Victorian aspiration. When children were 8 or 9, they were allowed to join the adults at the table for instruction in proper etiquette. By the turn of the century, restaurants had appeared to cater to clerical workers, and in time, eating out became a recreational sport. 4.Family dinner can be a respite from the hectic lives of family members to gather for a meal it can improve the diet of the

Ojt Doc Essay Example for Free

Ojt Doc EssayListed in the Philippine Stock Exchange in 2007 aft(prenominal) a successful initial public offering, the conjunction has built its reputation for delivering its projects on time, without sacrificing the beauty and functionality of its developments. ab initio finding its niche within the affluent Filipino-Chinese community, ALHI has brought modern condo living to Old manilla through and through a fusion of current tr differences and traditional comforts and practices. The companys developments take inspiration from upmarket condos in major cities around the world while incorporating age-old Feng Shui principles. Building on the successful verbal expression of its first project, the 33-storey Lee Tower in Binondo which was sold out within 9 months and delivered ahead of document in 2006, ALHI has continued its dynamic and aggressive approach to take on even bigger and bolder ch wholeenges. The company has several ongoing developments, with more in the pipeline. It has started turning over units to buyers of its Mayfair Tower along UN Avenue in Ermita, in the heart of colonial Old Manila, and its second condominium in Binondo, the Mandarin Square, which by the end of 2008 is more than 50 percent completed.Both developments will take condo living in Manila to a higher level with first class amenities rivaling the best there is in the country. undercoat Land likewise broke ground for its Solemare Parksuites, its first project outside of the City of Manila, in declination of 2008. The 18-storey twin tower residential project at the ASEANA Business Park in Paranaque City, near the large Mall of Asia, caters to those who want to be at the center of Metro Manilas emerging ethnical and entertainment hub along scenic Manila Bay.Among the companys plans are the development of the tallest building in Binondo, Manila, the 56-storey moxie Skysuites that is guaranteed to further raise the benchmark in the Chinatown district, as vigorous as projects in San Juan, other in Ermita, a fourth project in Binondo, among others. What sets the company apart from other Philippine developers is its capacity to execute its business plans. While others give tremendous focus and attention to their business development efforts scarce hardly sustain them afterwards, Anchor Land makes sure that its business plans are meticulously implemented.The secret lies in the active involvement of its key people in sales and marketing from the conceptualization stage and passim the development of each project, with each department from business development to engineering, finance, sales and customer relations all in constant touch to ensure the seamless, on time delivery of the companys commitments. In 2008, the company has started to attract the attention not only of local investors, but international award-giving bodies as well for its sterling performance.Anchor Land was one of only two Philippine companies included in Forbes powder stores list of 200 Best Companies in Asia with capitalization of under $1 billion, a act made possible by the companys sterling financial performance amidst the global economical slowdown. Internally, the company continues to build and strengthen its organization with the goal by recruiting and honing the best talents available in the work force market, and by maintaining a small but dedicated cadre of sales people who have imbued Anchor Lands corporate values of discipline, commitment, and excellent service.The company values each and every employees contributions, and recognizes them via a rewards and recognition system that puts premium on providing the best service to customers throughout the whole round of golf of each and every project. III. Summary of OJT Experience IV. Assessment of the OJT/Practicum Program A. New Knowledge, attitudes and skills acquired Being the intern of the I. T. part of Anchor Land Holdings Inc. I have learned many things that are beneficial for me and for my well being. present is the list of the skills that I acquired during my internship period -Organization of files. -Networking. -Remote Access. -LAN cables. -LAN and Internet connections. -Centralized server. -Ncomputing technology -Computer building. -Kaspersky Lab. -Organization Security. -Data Back-up. -Routers For Troubleshooting -Printers -Fax Machine -Photocopy Machine. -Outlook. -Web connectivity. -Skype. -Computers. -Routers.

The California Gold Rush Essay Example for Free

The calcium funds stir Essay forwards the flamboyant Rush of 1849, atomic number 20 was a sparsely populated, unim portant territory of the United States well-nighly live by the people of Mexico. However, that all changed when on January 24, 1848 carpenter and small time sawmill operator throng W. Marshall discovered a opulent nugget in the the Statesn River that would forever change the history of calcium and America1. Not only did the lucky Rush lead to atomic number 20s admittance into the Union in 1850, it also rekindlight-emitting diode the idea of the American Dream. Hundreds of thousands of people poured into the postulate by the lure of agile and infinite riches.As a result of the Gold Rush, atomic number 20 eventually became an advanced technologic, and agrarian state, which would foster pave the roads to urban development and a very capitalistic preservation. The atomic number 20 Gold Rush jump-started the development of calcium as a state, and ignited t he belief of the American Dream once again. In a years time of the discovery of gold in the American River, the provincial Gold Rush of 1848 transformed into the global Gold Rush of 1849 making national headlines across the demesne.Historian Hubert Howe Bancroft silk hat described the Gold Rush as a rapid, monstrous maturity which propelled the population so progressively that on September 9th, 1850 calcium became the thirty-first state admitted into the Union2. By the year 1851, over 255,000 people had immigrated to the opulent State spurred on by the hopes of finding gold and achieving the American Dream3. From these hundreds of thousands of aliens that flocked to California during the Gold Rush most were young men eager to risk their lives venturing to the M early(a) Lode in hopes of seemly miners and starting a new manner.These men, called the 49ers, would play a vital role in the transformation of the state, as they would soon turn the pillar for the powerful exploit ec onomy in California4. In addition, the ban of slavery in California blusteringed up a window of opport maven to those from other continents. Soon ships from Asia, Australia, Europe and South America were left stranded in the San Francisco Bay as every sensation sought to achieve their own version of the American Dream in the Gold Rush as well. In the early stages of Californias state hood, gold mining was the keystone of the Californian economy.Originally, many gold miners who came to California were apart of larger mining companies that at first brought organization to the gold fields5. Nonetheless, as the pressure to find gold mounted for each one day with the number of people coming to California increasing, it soon became every man for himself and as a result many of these organizations failed. However, the mining process was complex, required lots of man power, and as gold was decorous harder and harder to find the introduction to certain technological advances revitalized t he Gold Rush and California as a state.The introduction of Hydraulic mining by French Canadian, Anton Chabot in 1850 and later perfected by Edward Matteson a 49er from Connecticut, had everlasting effects on the mining industry as well as the environment6. By damming river and streams miners were straight off open to use the newly created peebeds for their industrial hoses, which would spray water furiously onto the riverbanks eroding the ground until gold was spotted7. As a result of Hydraulic mining, mining organizations became powerful again and a sense of unity and prosperity was re workshopd to the gold fields.The Gold Rush also started a new market for technology as now more people stopped mining, and thought of other ways they could make a living. histrion unions began to form, as mining companies needed laborers to maintain and manufacture new machines as wells as cavort and dam rivers8. However, not everyone made their fortune in the mining industry. In 1853 Levi Strau ss, a German immigrant came to California with aspirations of striking it rich in the gold fields.After a year of no luck, Levi and his family decided to open a general goods store in San Francisco that would sell dry goods and clothing to the miners. His store was a hit, as miners poured in to buy tents and other necessities for mining. One item in particular, denim pants known immediately as jeans sold like wild fire amongst the 49ers, as they were durable and did not rip. By the end of the Gold Rush, nearly 594 $ million in gold ingots (estimated around 10 $ billion in 2001 dollars) would be shipped out from California towards the east margin alone9.Not only did the Gold Rush create a prosperous mining climate, it also in directly lead to an even more booming agrarian economy that in 1869 surpassed mining in employment and then later in 1879 became the leading element to the California economy10. By the late 1870s, there was nearly 600,000 thousand people living in the well-d isposed State11. In order to feed so many mouths so quick, many people that could not make it as a miner or in the now blooming cities decided to forwardnesstle on plots of reduce and become farmers.Most preferred the farming lifestyle opposed to a miners life because it was safer. In addition, due to Californias vast natural resources, fertile abundant land and with child(p) weather, growing food and raising livestock was easy compared to the eastern United States and other parts of the world. The Gold Rush also permitted the cattle industry to once again flourish in the west as a cattle boom from the north was guided to California for sale to the miners12. Soon afterwards, cattle ranches were set up in Southern California and provided an economic boost to the rest of the state13.In addition to the cattle industry doing well, by 1880 great wheat ranches had expanded throughout Colusa County and produced nearly half a relegation bushels of wheat a year14. As a result of the whe at industry expanding, in the 1880s and 1890s irrigation districts had been introduced to California along with newly refrigerated railroad cars, which perhaps did the most to advance California towards becoming an agrarian powerhouse in the United States15. With a lucrative economy that was producing food and money, the urbanization of California happened much earlier than intended.With the mass migrations of workers pouring into mining towns and cities, the ones with the best strategic position ended up becoming the most successful. As a result, San Francisco, Sacramento and Las Angeles became the most powerful cities on the west coast because of the Gold Rush16. However, with the establishment of the first transcontinental railroad in 1869, California now had a direct contact with the rest of the United States and as a result every town in California economically and socially prospered17.With the advanced development of technology, an interstate road system was built which helpe d distribute the urbanization of California more thoroughly18. In addition to roads, the technology that was invented in the Gold Rush now could be applied to the development of the advancement of irrigation. In 1900, San Francisco and Los Angeles built a system of dams and aqueducts that would bring running water to their respective cities19. The result of this project would for years to come stabilize the infrastructure of these two cities20.Soon, markets, architecture and literary works would flourish in cities across the state as California transformed from a rural state, to one of the most powerful states in America. As time progressed, cities in California were now looking to guile their goods to the rest of the world. Banks had already been established in California during the 1850s as a place for miners to store their gold and by 1855 Wells Fargo Bank controlled about ninety percent of the transporting of gold in the state21.California possessed a highly successful bankin g system, but now with the help of the transcontinental railroad and the port cities, the Californian economy was now turning towards capitalism22. With a well-organized society and economy in California, industries were booming. Cities like San Francisco led the way with the exportation of goods to other countries and the eastern part of the United States23. California soon started to enter tidy sum relationships with Asia, Europe and other continents as it exported gold, fine goods and food at a rapid rate24.As trade blossomed, so did education and literature. Soon, schools, churches, universities and newspaper companies were sprouting up all along California. This all in terminal led to California becoming a melting pot of different cultures just like other great states in the U. S. The Gold Rush of 1849 directly led to Californias admittance and prestigiousness as the thirty-first state admitted into the Union. Not only did the Gold Rush bring hundreds of thousands of people to the Golden State, it also kept them there.With advancements through technology, the mining industry in California would become the strongest in the world at its time25. Also, as the mining economy grew strong, the agricultural economy grew even stronger because of the Gold Rush. With these advancements, people were able to build permanent empires through the urban development of California. As cities prospered at the benefit of the Gold Rush, California was able to grow stronger and smarter as a state through capitalism and trade with foreign countries.The Gold Rush of 1849 jump started the development of California as a state and achieved peoples goals of the American Dream. Bibliography Gibbs, William. California Gold Rush (18481858). Open Collections Program Immigration to the US, California Gold Rush, 1848-1858. N. p. , n. d. Web. 20 whitethorn 2013. Ketchum, Liza. The Gold Rush. Boston Little, Brown, 1996. Print. Lloyd, J. D. The Gold Rush. San Diego Greenhaven, 2002. Print . Martinez, Lionel. The Gold Rushes. The Gold Rushes. N. p. , n. d. Web. 20 May 2013. Starr, Kevin. California A History. crude York Modern Library, 2005. Print.

Kerala Essay Example for Free

Kerala EssayKerala, the Gods Own Country, lies in the natural Southern part of India. It has an area of 38863 sq. km and a population of 3. 18 crores. Kochi, or more familiarly, cochin is a city of many parts. Around for a long, long time, Kochi played a pivotal type in the development of shipping and trade in the region. Kochis prime location on the westside coast, its beauteous bay and protected harbor made it popular with seafarers and merchant ships who made frequent stops to store up on spices, coffee and wood enroute to the rich markets of Europe and West Asia. And so d have the ages, Kochi prospered as a busy port city and commercial centre. Its seafront is still extremely relevant to Cochin and to India it houses a Naval Base and one of Indias busiest ports. Its twin city, Ernakulam, is an important railhead and industrial centre. Kerala Gods own Country tagline has been used because of its location, landscaping and its surroundings.It is the amalgamation of lush a nd tropical Malabar Coast on the west along with verdant backwaters in the centre ranging from Cochin to Kollam and Nilgiri mountain range covered with tea plantations in the east. Kerala The Gods own country Kerala, meaning land of coconut trees, is one of the relatively thoroughly kept secrets of all the exotic destinations in the world. However, Keralas popularity has increased over recent years. National geographic travel magazine lists Kerala among the fifty must see locations in the world. Not surpirisingly, the State Tourism incision promotes Keralas natural beauty, breathtaking lush landscape and tropical beaches as Gods own country. The result has been a signifiant influx of tourists and foreign visitors. The Sanskrit saying athithi devo bhava( treat your guest like God, with gaze and honour) is ingrained in the collective ethos of the people of Kerala.

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Free Allegory of the Cave Essays and Papers EssayThe transition from ignorance into experience in the pursuit of impartiality is neither a simple nor easy process. Both Sophocles tragedy, Oedipus Rex, and Platos philosophical dialogue, The Allegory of the Cave, use dark and light imagery to search mans struggle to word of farewell an illusory disembodied spirit of comfort in search of absolute faithfulness. Although Oedipus and the captive parallel in their challenges to try out reality, they differ in their reactions to it. Where Oedipus is un up to(p) to handle the harshness of the truth, the pris cardinalr accepts it. By associating dark with benightedness and falsehood, and light with mint and truth, both narratives depict that man must not only discern conjuring trick and reality in his quest for acquaintance but recognize his own ignorance in advance he can acquire shrewdness of the world around him.Both Oedipus and the prisoner begin in a state of ignorance, one that is incorrectly believed to be the reality. Thinking he has avoided fate, Oedipus firmly believes that he is in control of his life, though the reader knows that he is indeed, not. The darkness in his life is represented by his inability to see and understand the truth, as Oedipus hubris makes him incognizant of the true circumstances of his life. He is a man so self-assured that he is not able to accept the truth when told by Teiresias. Oedipus, blind to the illusion that he is living, can not see the flagitious(Sophocles, 354) of the crimes he has committed, and cannot view the truth for what it actually is. Teiresias, though blind in both eyes, has true knowledge and understanding of the truth, yet he is mocked by the ignorant king for his lack of sight. In Platos Allegory, the prisoner too, lacks knowledge and understanding of the world around him, albeit in a different matter. Where Oedipus is prevented from seeing the truth by his own hamartia, the prisoner is restri cted by chains that hold him captive within the cave. Plato theorizes that since the cave setting is all the prisoner knows, he would believe and accept that there are no realities other than the shadows of handstitched things (2). The absence of light in the cave represents the boundaries of the prisoners ability to see he is unable(p) to get to true knowledge, as doing so would require him to perceive the forms themselves(1) instead of illusions cast by an conventionalised light. Dark symbolism clearly demonstrates the parallels between falsehood and illusion in both works, but to achieve true insight, one must pursue a state of knowledge through a straining application of insight and reason.The journey to leave the shadows to follow the light is not as favorable as one may be, as true knowledge is harsher and more difficult to accept that the comfort of darkness. Oedipus is forbidding in his pursuit of truth in order to catch Laios murderer and save his city of Thebes fro m the plague. dormant stuck in his life of illusion, he is determined to bring what is light to dark (135), unaware that his persistence forget only cause more problems. He curses the murderer of Laios in his ignorance, dealing the culprits life to be consumed in evil and wretchedness (Sophocles, 235). Unbeknownst to him, the sufferings he wishes for do come true, though not in the way he believes. In contrast, The prisoner, having spent his whole life in imprisonment, does not wish to look at what is bright. Too dazzled by the light of the fire to see clearly, he has to be dragged out by forceinto the light of the sun (Plato, 2). He slowly adjusts to his new environment, and once turned to what is more real, the prisoner realizes that the shadows in the cave were only images of foolery, cast by real objects (2). It is here that the prisoner is seen transitioning from illusion to realityAbsolute truth is harsh, and both Oedipus and the prisoner struggle to accept it. Though he st rived to do good by himself and his city, Oedipus, unfortunately, brings about his own tragic end by unrelentingly pursuing the truth and ignoring warnings of how dreadful (Sophocles, 305) knowledge can be. His quest to find answers does eventually lead him to the absolute truth, but at a heavy cost. Finally realizing the consequences of his actions, and unable to face the evil and horror of his blind wrongs (404), Oedipus looks upon the Light(1037) one final time before gouging out his eyes. Here, light imagery represents truth and knowledge, and although the truth is what Oedipus has so relentlessly pursued, in the end, it is too harsh and he instead chooses to return to the dark. To him, The prisoner, though initially reluctant to explore reality, ultimately achieves enlightenment, represented by his ability to look on the sun itself (Plato, 2).There is a groovy divide between reality and falsehood. Through the use of contrasting imagery, both Sophocles and Plato illustrate th e plights of humanity in the journey to achieve enlightenment and explore the trials man must go through to achieve a similar goal. Through the journeys of Oedipus and the prisoner, the reader understands that however easy one may believe the quest for truth to be, it is often not so, as to achieve absolute truth, man must realize his own unenlightenment before he can perceive things in their true forms.

The purpose of this experiment Essay Example for Free

The purpose of this experiment strainThe purpose of this experiment is to measure the meter flow of blood through the finger and correlate it with ECG. In addition, we examined the effects of calefactory and chilly temperature on peripheral circulation. It was hypothesized that the temperature and wield would increase the cardiac cycle and pulse rate pressure. Three thespians were doing the experiment. A 19 year old female, who weighs 110 pound, drinks coffee often times and nonsmoker, did the exercise. A 20 year old female, weighs 135 pounds, non coffee drinker and nonsmoker did the cold temperature. Also a 20 year old female, weighing 106 pounds, non smoker and non coffee drinker did the hot temperature. Electrodes were placed on left ankle, right hand and left hand. Besides that, pulse transducer was attached in finger. Baseline was established, 3 cardiac cycles and 3 pulse pressures were measured at rest. We did this in the same way for each individual. In addition, we did 3 cardiac cycles and 3 pulse pressure later exercise and temperature experiment. The effect of cold temperature did start variation in centre rate and pulse.Figure 1 shows that heart rate decreased when participant placed her hand in cold water. In the same way, figure 2 shows decrease in heart rate when the participant placed her hand in hot water. Figure 3 shows that exercise increased the heart rate of the participant. The results we observed for the cold temperature experiment was decrease in temperature. In otherwise words, we observed a gradual decrease in heart rate after the participant compose her hands in cold water. In addition, we noticed an increase in pulse rate after the experiment.Also, we noticed decrease in heart rate and increase in pulse rate for hot temperature experiment. But when I did research I found that the heart rate should increase in cold temperature and should decrease in pulse rate. Also for the hot temperature the heart rate must increase a nd pulse rate should decrease. So I can not interpret the result. However, for the exercise we noticed increase in heart rate and pulse rate. Resting and exercise heart rate are controlled by the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system nervous system.The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system prepares the body for physical activity by increasing heart rate, blood pressure and respiration. Once exercise begins, the sympathetic nervous system is activate and the heart rate rises quickly. The parasympathetic division helps slow down heart rate and respiration. At rest, the heart is controlled by the parasympathetic division, which is why the average resting heart rate is 72 bpm or less. During exercise, the absolve of epinephrine and norepinephrine stimulate receptors in the heart which causes heart rate to increase.J. Grayson, Reactions of the peripheral circulation to external heat, J Physiology vloume 1, pg 53-63. www. pubmed. com Sandercock, et al. Effect of exercise on heart rate variability, 03/28/2005, www. medscape. com M Buchheit, J J Peiffer, C R Abbiss, P B Laursen. Effect of cold water immersion on postexercise parasympathetic reactivation. American Journal of Physiology Heart and circulatory physiology 296. 2 (2009) H421. Sciences Module. ProQuest. University Park, PA. 23 Feb. 2009 http//www. proquest. com

Satire in Huckleberry Finn Essay Example for Free

Satire in huckabackleberry Finn EssayChapters 1-4 fanaticism In chapters 1-4 of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark bridge, Twains characters tend to get worked up over the silliest of superstitions. In the second chapter, when Huck by the way flicks a spider into a flame, he, Was so sc ared and some shook the clothes off him (Twain 3). He restorations the burden that the dead spider will bring by performing plenty of notwithstanding much odd acts comparable turning around while crossing his breast and tying up a lock of his hair to ward off the witches. Huck is still anxious because he hadnt been told that any of those work outer charms were good for removing the penance of killing a spider. Most superstitions throughout these chapters stem from one psyche congress another of an irrational belief they hold as the truth like Jims magical hair-b entirely that he benefit off of by telling large number very vague fortunes (Twain 17-18). Some of these fortunes co me true, so population tell others about the miraculous magic hair-ball.Superstition is an issue that has been around forever, and will probably be around forever. A psychologist, B. F. Skinner, discovered that any animal will develop superstitions, we are all notwithstanding wired that way. For example, if one makes a bad grade on a test Mon daytime, Wednesday and Friday, and it rains Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, one puritythorn start to believe that the rain is the reason why they hold in bad test grades solely because of the correlational statistics . Because of this, they may never want to take tests when it rains.Today, superstitions are little abundant because of widespread k without delayledge of accomplish handst and reasoning, unless it can still be observed in sports and religion where community do things very without a reason or dont really understand why. They just do it because theyve always done it. Superstition today does not really harm society but hone stly makes it more than interesting. Chapter 5 avarice In chapter 5, Mark Twains character, titty Finn portrays greed in its purest form, and that is, in a stinky, rotten, hairy, drunkard. bosom Finn never does anything unless it benefits himself.Pap never helped another person out in the entire novel if it meant he had to lift a finger. He only compensate visits his only son whenever he needs money. When Huck finds Pap in his room right after hearing Jims fortune about the appearance happening, Pap first orders Huck to stop being smart because its making him look bad, and then reveals the real reason for his sudden show up when he de gentlemands, You git me that money tomorrowI want it (Twain 20). Pap uses the last man of his power, his father authority, to exercise his greediness. Twain uses Pap to prove that absolute greediness is illogical.Even though Pap does whatever he can to help himself, because he was not good to others like his son, he receives none of the wealth t hat Huck has gained which would be given to a decent father. Greed is strongly prevalent today, particularly in our economy. The American capitalistic economy is strongly centered on greed and excess. The highest ranking person in a business is really almost just like Pap, except they are prolific and all.. The banks often try to profit quickly from the less fortunate by mortgage scams and placing many in debt and in even worse conditions than they were already in.CEOs and executives on Wall Street find loopholes to help themselves without even considering the lasting effects on the economy. Of course, there is greed and corruption in the government too. I remember that this positively reinforced greed has really damaged the country. Greediness is the heart of America, but if it doesnt have boundaries, we may all turn into very lewd Pap Finns. Chapter 8 Slavery Twain, in chapter 8, demonstrates how knuckle downry rips asunder the moral fabric of a society by exposing the hypoc risy and underlying effects of the issue.Slavery corrodes the slave owner just as much as the slave as evidenced by dribble Watson lying about never sending Jim to New Orleans, but since the money was worth more to her than a human life, she goes back on her promise (Twain 43). Despite Miss Watsons piety, because she owns a slave, her morals are allowed to perturbation down, and she breaks a commandment and goes against the bible when she greedily accepts the money. Jim, as a slave, is always in fear. He was xenophobic of Miss Watsons treatment when he lived with her, afraid of being sent to be a plantation worker, and now terrified of being caught as a runaway (Twain 43).This alone is enough to ruin his humanity, not to credit his physical beatings as well. The only thing he has to hold on to are his various superstitions like, You musnt count the things you are going to cook for dinner, because that would bring bad luck (Twain 45), and all of the signs and other things he poin ts out. Huckleberry, even though he is very fond of Jim, constantly refers to him as Miss Watsons Jim (Twain), reminding the reader that Hucks society was taught that slaves were just property and nothing more.Because of thrall, the southern society in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has a lapse in morals by almost all of the whites, actually supports the devastatingly inhumane psychological and physiological treatment of humans, and contains seriously horrible nonsensical perceptions and prejudices. Slavery is not really an issue today. It has been abolished for over 100 years now. Although, the fact that (southern) society is performance much better than it did back then proves that the slave-centered society was not only morally atrocious but also financially weak.The slave owners owned almost all of the wealth in the southern society. The poorer whites all idolized the planter aristocracy, but the aristocracy was hogging all of the wealth and causing the poverty. The Impen ding Crisis of the South by Hinton Helper, used charts and graphs to explain how exactly the non-slave holding whites were actually being harmed by the institution. The book was quickly tenacious to be burned by the planter aristocracy. The only reason the poor whites kept voting for slavery was because they hoped to someday own slaves, and because they liked feeling racially superior.Slavery ended, and a few decades or so later, almost everybody was pretty much content with the way society was functioning Chapters 12-13 Mans inhumanity/Cruelty to Man In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Huck Finn is initially not one to stray away from forcefulness and is typically fascinated with it. However, when Twain transitions the military force from make-believe with the band of robbers with Tom Sawyer to bloody, cruel ferocity on the steamboat, he exposes another moral atrocity by examining it through the eyes of a junior boy.Although Huck had been intrigued with murdering and robbin g in the beginning of the book, in chapter 12, Huck is greeted by actual violence and death, and realizes how awful it really is. On the steamboat, Huck reacts extremely impulsively when he realizes that the men are actually going to die. He becomes alarmed and heroically wants to save them even if it meant risking his own life (Twain 69-70). Even though Huck had been brocaded by an outrageously selfish father, and even though he pretends not to be bothered by blood and guts, when confronted with real violence, he puts aside his own need to rescue another.A young, barely amend child can realize how barbaric cruelty to another human is, but the frequency of much(prenominal) events have just desensitized most adults from realize the true monstrosity. I strongly agree with Twains idea that most tidy sum are born innocent. Not a great number of killings have been done by young children. Today, I think most of the worst cruel, inhumane treatment is done by people with psychological is sues. A lot is done by people who have grown up in an environment that has desensitized them to violence like gangs, drug dealers, and the even the military.The media also plays a role in sustaining inhumanity. The change magnitude violence in video games and on TV shows has made violent events part of every day life. Although I do think most people can differentiate between real violence and fantasy, I also believe that making gore so prevalent has made it seem less serious than it actually is. To me, inhumanity is probably the most disturbing issue. I sympathize immensely with people in poverty, and I really hate people being treated unfairly, but I sometimes cannot even stand to hear or look at somebody treating another person like an animal or even saying awful things to them.Chapter 6 prejudices/biases In chapter 6 of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain satires vague prejudice by contrasting a white man and a black man. The white man, Pap Finn is dirty, hairy, grea sy, and illiterate. He is infuriated that a black man is allowed the right to vote even though he is, Most white as a white man(Twain 27). Pap Finn portrays the white man as evil and racist in the novel. The free black man is the complete opposite of Pap. He is clean, well-educated and nicely dressed (Twain 27). The differences in this man and Pap exacerbate Pap.Just being black was enough to gain Paps hate, but since it was a smart, clean, well-dressed black man, it set him off. Twain disproves the idea of black men being stupid and uncivilized and white men being the better breed by make full the book with exceptions to these claims. I think that people today do get flustered by people being different and come up with racist ideas to help them cope with that. I guess I still live in my own little bubble of Kingwood suburbia, but I have not seen much evidence of extreme racism. I dont even really feel prejudice often either.I try to be analytical of people, but hardly ever base an ything off of ones race. I know dangerous racism is still occurring in the deep south, but honestly, its dying out because more and more people are realizing what Twain was preaching. All men are created equal. I think that homosexuals are the next group that will be vindicated. Their civil rights movement is following more of the same patterns as previous ones. People have been slowly understanding them more and more. It is just hard for some to drip previously held beliefs.

Four Eras of Writing Essay Example for Free

Four Eras of Writing EssayHistory has evolved oer the last both centuries. In the introduction to Interpretations of American History edited by Francis G. Couvares, et al., he states that the transition of the way annals was interpreted has only linked the past more strongly to the present (Couvares 1). Before, historians mostly white male- use to report only about male topics but since then, different issues have transformed the way chronicle used to be. Over the last 400 years, the four different stages that have reshaped the writing of American write up have been the providential, the rationalist, the nationalist, and the professional. Late- nineteenth-century historians, usually called historicists or positivists believed that storey was like science and with practice it could be solved. According to Couvares, Croce believed that Positivists were defective in their assumptions because history was perceived differently every time it was written down since no iodine thin ks exactly alike. With so many different views, historians are usually adding more and more information to apiece others perceptions. Couvares says that history is historiography, the study of history and its changing interpretations (Couvares 3). When interpreting history, historians were influenced by their personal circumstances, beliefs, and environment. During the ordinal and eighteenth centuries, all through the Civil War, historians wrote a form of providential history (Couvares 4). Puritans usually ministers, magistrates, and women- wished to rationalize the ways of God to man, and vice-versa (Couvares 4) in their history.They interpreted what was happening at the time as a hall of God wanting them to move forward which led them to believe that the Revolution was a win for meliorate Christianity. With the European Enlightenment, came more of an intellectual and natural way of thinking. Couvares nones how the rationalist historians, greatly influenced by Newton and Lock e, prospered on with the people who had been at the top of the colonies before. During this stage, the progress of reason (Couvares 5), as they called it, was their new belief. Most historians during this time were cockeyed and with a high position in society, hence the style of their writing. Because of the way they thought of themselves, their history explained how the tyro world was a success because of men like them. According to Couvares, Jeffersons Notes on the State of Virginia very oft sums up the thought of the rationalists where they were the ones who achieved greatness, it wasnt God driven.However, the rationalists were non that far off from the providential its because their story still pointed up(a) (Couvares 6). As the nineteenth century went on, historians started to see America as the triumph of Anglo-Saxon people over inferior races (Couvares 6). They thought that because America had overcome other inferior races that they were better. Couvares explains how Ba ncroft organized Americas history around tercet themes progress, liberty, and Anglo-Saxon destiny (Couvares 6). This is where the third stage comes in. Their idea that the Teutonic people were supposed to spread emancipation across the globe was the start to their sense of pride, love, and nationalism.Not only were men, but also female historians pendant on this idea. Helen Hunt Jackson wrote about white-Indian relations, which at the time was a big obstacle to jump while at the alike time anthropologists beginning to study these relationships. Around the 1870s, though, Bancroft seemed like the past and the in store(predicate) possibilities were just around the corner. As universities started being built and education was more common among the middle class, history was becoming a profession. Practiced by the people who had access to advanced education, white men, they started concerning themselves with specialized training, look for methodology, and educational credentials (C ouvares 7). Adams and Turner both shared the belief of applying Darwins method to history. Adams argued that history was like physics and that it could be deciphered the same way.Even though Adams couldnt accomplish his goal, Turner did while at the same time seeming connected to the nationalists is sharing a little bit of their beliefs. Throughout the first half(a) of the twentieth century, another type of professionals emerged. These Progressive historians, unlike the Adams, saw history as politics and not as science. They believed that science was needed to produce usable facts, and art to persuade people to act on them (Couvares 9) but it was political action what they wanted to accomplish with it which could be why Progressives could be classified as reformers.Basically, their point was that the function of history was to uncover the economic basis of political ideasand educate the citizenry (Couvares 9). In the end, with the Great Depression going on and the Second World War, the question that was raised was whether or not if the history had prepared them. Nobody could have foreseen what was going to happen, and eventually history continues to be written perfunctory and like Couvares pointd out, history is an act of interpretation (Couvares 1).

King Richard III by William Shakespeare Essay Example for Free

powerfulness Richard III by William Shakespeare EssayT he plays depict the collapse of English control oer parts of France and the bitter and fierce internal struggles between the Houses of Lancaster and York in the fight to gain the crown of England. superpower Richard III is regarded (Hume 202) as a piece of prop aganda support ing the Tudor monarchs who succeeded Richard after he was killed in battle . This essay examine s how the theme of conscience is evidenced in Shakespeares play, and how the issues turn to are reflected in my daily life. (100 words) One prominent theme in the drama is the theme of conscience.throughout the drama, Richard,Duke of Gloucester, murders and betrays to gain the English crown. His conscience , however, is evident. In Act I scene iii, Margaret, an exiled former queen , has a special curse for Richard , who kille d her husband and her son (lines 224 9) The worm of conscience still begnaw thy soul. Thy friends suspect for traitors go thou li vst, And take deep traitors for thy dearest friends. No sleep close up that pestilent eye of thine, Unless it be while some tormenting dream Affrights thee with a hell of ugly devils. Most of Margarets curses are fulfilled during the play.Richard struggleswith his heavy conscience. In Act IV scene I Lady An ne , his wife is distressed to learn that she is to be crowned his queen, and speaks of her unhappiness and his guilty conscience For never and one hour in his bed Have I enjoyd the golden dew of sleep, But take been waked by his timorous dreams. Spec tacularly, in the scene before the battle at Bosworth, King Richard is visited by the ghosts of h i s victims . His soliloquy in Act V scene iii suggests that he is master by a coward conscience (lines 191 6) O coward conscience, how dost thou afflict me The lights burn blue.It is now dead midnight. stale fearful drops stand on my trembling flesh. 2 The theme is developed . Co nscience can be a manipulative tool used by cowar ds , Richard declares Let not our babbling dreams affright our souls conscience is but a word that cowards use, Devised at first to keep the laborious in awe Our strong arms be our conscience, swords our law. I shall now consider how conscience relates to my daily life. It has often been remarked (e. g. G ui 203 Palfreyman 80) that Richards relyiveness, his strength and determination command a respect of their own, his crimes aside.Every day, I read in the text file that someone has exercised ruthless power over other people in some way, and so make swords their law to wi n a contest, whether it be in the form of school bullying, or rise to semipolitical power as in this play. I am still unclear as to how far we should assert ourselves to gain things that we want at others expense like this. It frightens me that I can understa nd such tyrants and regulate them as essentially very human. Such things are an integral part of life and ourselves and will never go away.I believe, th ough, thatthere is such a thing as conscience, yet whether it is only something we have been taught is har d to establish. It is possible to see Shakespeares play as an elaborate wish fulfillment or fantasy, therefore. In sum, Shakespeare directs us to focus , non simplistically, on tyranny and ruthlessness in our midst. In a sand , the portrayal of Richard as a man with a conscience and, at the same time, with astute manipulative powers gives the drama unresolved humanistic problems. We may need to ask ourselves how far we can go to remove our ends while still sleeping at night.

Platos’ Lysis or Friendship Essay Example for Free

Platos Lysis or Friendship EssaySocrates advised Hippothales that the latter should non be so generous with his praises for the person he admires and loves be come it would altogether make the beloved self-importanceistic and vain. Socrates believed that Hippothales exit end up losing him that way. Hippothales adored Lysis and Socrates likened his pursuit to a hunter scaring his prey away. Socrates asked to meet Lysis and with Menexenus engaged in philosophical discussions of love, booster shotship, desires, good and evil. Following were the thoughts of Plato through SocratesOne is non truly sharp if he is non at liberty to do the things he wants.I disagree on this. Given an unlimited immunity to do as he pleases may not necessarily make a man happy in the end. If a person without m championy chose to rob a bank instead of finding a decent job, the consequences of his action will make him miserable.People love those whom they find useful and who serve certain(p) ends to the m.I agree. They value those who have done them a favor, those who cared and nurtured them, and those whom they depend upon. Children love their parents for feeding and clothing them when they were issue to do those things for themselves. Parents love their children for the joys they bring. Patients love their doctors for treating them of their illness and nursing them back to health. These things can not be tell of others who have never been a part of their life.Those who still need a t individuallyer are without friendship or wisdom and therefore havenothing to be arrogant about.I disagree on two counts. First, knowledge and wisdom do not always come from the confines of a classroom. same(p) they say, experience is a great teacher. We learn from everyday encounters. How we handle what life throws our way is knowledge nil can teach us. Second, good deeds and honest life do not require stupendous knowledge or wisdom. These are enough reasons for a simple man to be proud of.Do n ot put your beloved in an exalted position by singing praises and feeding his egounceasingly. It would be best to have him see himself as he is.Agree. Love is real and true if one tries to see the beloved for what he is and not make someone out of him that he is not him at all. This is to say that the lover must not be blind to the faults and imperfections of the beloved.Love is not always reciprocated, the lover loves the beloved and the beloved may notlove him back, at worst even hate him.Disagree. I would say that they become true lovers only at the time when they had both seen the virtues and accepted the flaws of each other. They would practice to a relationship only when they are able to find comfort in their love for each other.Men are hated by people they love and loved by people they hate. about agree. Yes, people may hate those they love but only for reasons that may not necessarily cause them to love less. They may just be minor irritants, like the wife hating the husba nd for always beingness late for dinner. On the other hand, loving those they hate is the superficial love of the voters to a president who disrespect his personal indiscretions have done wonders for the economy.A man may be his friends antagonist and his enemys friend.Agree. A friend is ones moral guardian. A friend would not hesitate to stop a man from committing sin or what might cause him pain later. The friend might not take it well at first and such might cause them misunderstanding, at which point they become enemies. On the other hand, if his enemys life is at stake and it is only the man who can save him and he does, then they at that instant become friends.Like attracts like.Disagree. It is not always the case. It is more common to find opposites that attract. People have always gone for the excitement of others totally different from them. New ideas and novel ways of doing things that may complement his own. Plato, through Socrates, defended his philosophies with clar ity and profundity that left(a) Menexenus and Lysis in awe and admiration.ReferencesStevenson, Daniel C. (1994-2000). Lysis or Friendship by Platos. Web Atomics. Retrieved April 29, 2008, from http//classics.mit.edu/Plato/lysis.1b.txt

Fanny Robin Essay Example for Free

screw robin EssayWith closer reference to chapters 7, 11 and 16 (appendix), explore unafraid(p)s presentation of quarter Robin In chapter seven of the book Far from the Madding Crowd by Thomas Hardy, we are introduced to the constitution tramp Robin. She is introduced during the dark in the bleak darkness of a churchyard which symbolises death and possibly foreshadows pathetic future events for fundament. We are told that Fanny has a bundle of some(a) sort at her feet from this, we thunder mug add-in that Fanny is possibly runnel away from some thing. There is evidence that she is poor because she is described as kind of thinly clad, and it is unusual for someone to be wearing very(prenominal) few clothes at such a cold time of year. oak tree spares Fanny some money, and in the exchange of the shilling, Oak felt her pulse, it is described as beating with a tragic intensity which means that he can notice that she is unhealthy, alone the treatment tragic stands out be cause it suggests a tragedy, where someone usually dies. This also makes us think of a stereotypical image of a heroin in Victorian times because she is ill, she seems angelic, handle she belongs in heaven.Hardy also shows a business line between Bathsheba and Fanny. Fanny was very grateful and glad for Oaks generosity and says thank you whereas Bathsheba, in chapter one, doesnt take much notice of Oaks kindness. Hardy also shows this contrast by use of Pathetic Fallacy when Bathsheba is introduced, it is made clear to us that she wants to stand out, the sun illuminated up to a scarlet glow the crimson jacket she wore. which shows that she is very passionate and unconventional. However, to describe Fanny, Hardy uses expressions like motionless stranger, which dehumanises her and makes her seem really small and weak.In Chapter eleven, it becomes clear that Fanny had been running away to go and visit her boyfriend, blackguard who is a soldier. Soldiers often had a reputation for having many girlfriends so, in this chapter, Fanny comes across as being quite naive. There is more emphasis and description of Fannys weakness because she is described as a form which makes her seem like a exact blot or shape in the distance. More Pathetic Fallacies are used in chapter eleven, it is night time, The bell was in the open air, and being overlaid with several inches of muffling snow, which is describing the setting as being wearisome and extremely quiet.This person was so much like a mere shade upon the earth. The word shade stands out because it is often a word used instead of ghost. These things could signify death in the relationship of Fanny and hound. When Fanny tries to gain Franks attention outside his window, she throws snow at it, thrown with such imbecility as was shown here, this shows fannys fragility and her inability to do even one small thing she has to try another couple of times before she really captures his attention. It shows her persistence an d desperation.When Fanny introduces herself to Frank, he says What girl are you? which suggests that Fanny isnt his only girlfriend, and that he has many. She responds to him, Your wife, Fanny Robin, which tells us that Frank and Fanny induce had some sexual relations because she considers herself to be his wife, but this wouldnt be openly spoken or written about in Victorian times. Frank asks Fanny, How did you come here? this shows that he did not expect her to be able to visit him because the journey is so long.Franks is inside in the warmth, whereas Fanny is left outside in the cold which show that hes not particularly interested in her and that he has power over her because they are not in the same room or on the same level. Fanny asks When get out it be? to which Frank replies, I dont quite recollect which is playing with her feelings. Fanny then asks when it is they shall be matrimonial and Frank is very hesitant and dashes are used in the dialogue which shows that he i s not very keen, and has no intention of marriage. The dashes are also use in Fannys dialogue, but this is to show sensation in her speech.It is hinted that Fanny and Frank have had sexual relations on more than one condition because Fanny says You said lots of times you would marry me. It is possible that Frank only said that he would marry her in order to get her to have sex with him. This also implies that there is a very high chance that Fanny could be pregnant, which could be why she is so desperate to get married and she wants the marriage to happen as soon as possible. She would be thought very poorly of if she was to have a baby out of wed-lock because there was a lot of stigma around this sort of thing in Victorian times, and it would be very difficult for er to find another job or another husband.However, in this chapter, Hardy wants the reader to sympathise for Fanny, because it would not be easy to be in her situation. In chapter sixteen (appendix), the chapter is split up into four main parts to resemble the quarters of the clock. This creates an glory and it emphasises the growing frustration and embarrassment of Frank when Fanny doesnt show up for their wedding. Frank and Fanny were due to be married in the church, All saints, but instead, Fanny went to All Souls, and as a result, was late for her own wedding. This is symbolic because we usually associate souls with death.When Fanny turns up, she asks if they can be married the adjacent day, but Frank says I dont go through that experience again for some time, I warrant you because he has lost his pride. Fanny is trembling which shows that she is a conventional image of a woman and lowers herself to men. A lot of the description of Fanny symbolises and foreshadows death there are many hints that something will go wrong for her or someone close to her in the future. Hardy has created a presentation of a very weak character, who doesnt want to stand out, but she is also very mysterious and I t hink that she has a lot of secrets hidden.

Social Work Theories Older Adults

societal Work Theories honest-to-goodness Adults1. IntroductionThis analyze concerns the application of cordial work theory and do with adults within the context of a specific legislative framework. The assignment specifically takes up different aspects of soci subject work theory and convention that concern the c arrs of honest-to-god and disabled soulfulnesss. It makes specific use of the case study on Betty, her daughter Elizabeth, and former(a) members of Elizabeths family. The case study is provided in the appendix to this essay. It is con cheekred as read and is thus not described in the body of this essay.The assignment deals with the role of make dors in the UK fond work alkali and their necessarily and uprights. It also takes up the importance of interprofessional participation and partnership between complaisant and easyness electric charge professionals and wish wellrs in oral communication of social and wellness assistance, including the management of risk.2. Identification of IssueThis assignment focuses on the responsibilities, difficulties, and sine qua nons of Elizabeth, the 49 year aging daughter of Betty, who is 74 and has been living with Elizabeth and her family for the last 2 age. Elizabeth, who is white, is married to Charles (48), who is black and of Afri butt joint-Caribbean origin. They have two children, Mathew (22) and enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay (19), who wear with them.Betty suffered from a stroke two months ago and is recovering in hospital. She has developed poor unexpended side mobility on beak of the episode and entrust require a wheel chair to fall about. She has been medically assessed as ready to return home, where Elizabeth is expected to cope for her. The berth and the bang relationship, whilst transparent and logical, has puzzle complicated because of Charless redundancy from manipulation and his strained relationship with Mathew, who is yet to start earning. The domestic milieu could beat disturbed because of the possibility of Charles resuming his old drinking habits, the tendency of Mathew to engage in substance abuse and his thieving from his grand fix to fund his drug purchases and the possibility of Elisas moving out to live with her boyfriend. An application of Eriksons theory of human be development reveals that Betty is now firmly entrenched in her late adulthood, whereas Elizabeth is in her middle adulthood. Betty, if she is properly armorial bearingd for, will find it easy to accept her life stage and prepare for her final years with complacency. For Elizabeth, these are years of action at law and being in charge. Taking make do of Betty will add meaning to her life, reduce stagnation, and strengthen a caring and stable home environment.Elizabeth is obviously in a complex and difficult situation and whilst she must care for her ailing bewilder, she also has responsibilities towards her husband and children. Social work policies i n the UK detail the slipway through which social and medical care should be provided to adults in requisite (Oliver Decoster, 2006, p 243). Specific policies equal for providing medical and social brook to elderly mess with mental and physical disabilities. such work are provided through the aegis of social work practitioners, mental health professionals, medical professionals and medical workers. These diverse professionals are expected to work in partnership for the legal transfer of comprehensive social and medical care to the old and disabled (Oliver Decoster, 2006, p 243). With the majority of such service users being expected to be cared for in the community, in their homes and in the midst of their near relatives, carers form an highly important component of the social work delivery carry through (Stalker, 2003, p 67). Elizabeth, in her role as the primary care for Betty forms the pivot for delivery of social and health care services.This assignment delves into the social work infrastructure and policies in the UK that are available for carers and makes position use of relevant frameworks including the Single Assessment Process and National Service Framework for cured People. The essay also discusses relevant sociological and psychological theories for human development and behaviour and examines the ways in which inter-professional practice and partnership of professionals with carers shtup dish out in improvement of social work delivery.3. Social and Medical grapple for Adults and Old PeopleThe official approach for providing social and medical care for older tidy sum was revamped and modify squarely later the publication of the White Paper on Modernising Social Services in 1998 and the espousal of a national agenda for improvement of care and services (Baker, 2004, p 12). The National Service for Older People (NSF-OP), which was adopted in 2001set standards for the promotion of better services and greater integration of health an d social care services for people (Baker, 2004, p 12).The NSF-OP is developed around 8 standards, namely (a) age discrimination, (b) somebody centred care, (c) intermediate care, (d) general hospital care, (e) stroke, (f) falls, (g) mental health and (h) health promotion. The NSF for older people very importantly introduced the concept of someone centred care, which object lensed to ensure that older people were treated as individuals in their own right and received care packages that satisfied their individual of necessity, irrespective of boundaries between health and social services (Baker, 2004, p 12). These standards aimed to ensure the integration of health care and social work services for older people and caed upon health and social care workers to participate and collaborate with each other to provide holistic and rounded services to people in need (Baker, 2004, p 12).The person centred approach for provisioning of social and health care is an important out bewilder of t he gradual development and acceptance of the social model of disability (Moulin, 2002, p 43). The still dominant medical model of disability assumes that disabilities result from the physical or mental limitations of individual persons and are largely unrelated to their social or geographical surroundings. It places the origin of a problem with a person and recites that solutions can be found by focusing on the individual, rather than on his or her surroundings (Moulin, 2002, p 43).Whilst the medical model has for centuries dominated human approaches towards disabled people, recent decades have seen the publication and the progressive acceptance of the social model, which views disability to be the consequence of social and environmental barriers that restrict people with disabilities from participating in society (Moulin, 2002, p 47). The person centred approach is routed in the social model and aims to enthrone people with disabilities by allowing them to participate and agree to the medical and social care figures that are made for them (Moulin, 2002, p 47). Such empowerment provides service users with substantial independence to participate in their rehabilitation and preaching process and allows care plans to focus on rehabilitation and prevention, rather than on symptomatic treatment (Moulin, 2002, p 47).The single(a) judicial decision procedure was introduced in the SAF- OP, specifically to further the standard concerning person centred care (Baker, 2004, p 14). The jester facilitates a single assessment for the medical and social needs of individuals and calls upon respective agencies to work together for provisioning of impound and holistic care to individuals in need (Baker, 2004, p 14).The SAF-OP is particularly relevant for Betty, because it provides a framework for providing of holistic social and medical services to individuals who have experienced strokes.4. The Role of CarersWhilst Bettys medical condition and social needs are certainl y addressed through policies like the SAP, the SAF-OP, the progressively greater use of the social model, the person centred approach, the existing social health care infrastructure, the efforts of the individual carer, in this case her daughter Elizabeth, will dramatic event a faultfinding role in the delivery of such care. The progressive elimination of hospitalisation and institutionalisation for people with physical and mental ailments and the replacement of such approaches and methods with community centred care commenced in the 1960s and progressively increase over the years through appropriate policy modifications.It is now widely accepted that people with disabilities live far more enriched, satisfied and productive lives amongst their families, friends and communities than in specialised institutions. Betty, after her recuperation from her stroke, is expected to come back into the community, live with her close relatives and family members, and be cared for by people who care for her. Such community care, whilst extremely desirable as an alternative to institutionalisation, however calls for the services of specific carers for individuals, who cannot manage their own activities, and thus need to be looked after by other people (Office for National Statics, 2006, p 1-2). Such carers, in the consuming majority of cases, constitute of family members, spouses, siblings, parents or even children (Office for National Statics, 2006, p 1-2) Betty, after her stroke, has reduced left side mobility and will need a wheel chair for her personalised movement. Whilst she may, in all probability, be able to look after her own needs to some extent, it is probable that she will certainly need the care of another person. Elizabeth, her daughter and the person with whom she is living at present, is expected to fulfil the role of her carer.Carers occupy a unique role in the British social care infrastructure. Practically 11% of the population, i.e. approximately 6 mil lion people, provide unpaid care in the UK to individuals in need. Whilst practically half of these carers fall in the age group between 45 and 64, many of them are very young as intumesce as quite old. The majority of people who receive care live either in residential premises (Office for National Statics, 2006, p 1-2). Caring for an elderly person, as Elizabeth will be required to do, calls for significant amounts of sensitivity and commitment. Most people involved in care for older people look after parents or relatives who were priorly used to looking after them (Weinstein, et al, 2003, p 114). Elderly people often craving to remain self reliant and make their own decisions as long as possible.Such changes in family relationships can often be complex and lead to situations of conflict if they are not handled with adequate care and thought (Weinstein, et al, 2003, p 115).Whilst caring for older people has to be handled with great sensitivity to avoid brainsickting the peopl e who are being cared for, it also calls for a great deal of hard work, effort, and self have on the part of carers (Williams Robinson, 2000, p 18). Carers often have to adjust their responsibilities towards their employers, if they are employed, and to their other family members who may need their emotional and physical musical accompaniment, in order to look after the individuals whose care has been entrusted to them (Williams Robinson, 2000, p 18). With carers playing critical roles in supporting and providing essential services to disabled and ailing elderly people, it is essential for them to work in close coordination and participation with responsible medical, health and social care professionals in order to facilitate the provisioning of holistic medical, social, physical and emotional support to their elderly wards (Stalker, 2003, p 81). Such partnership patrons in better assessment of risks that are faced by persons in care and formulation of appropriate care and inte rvention plans. Social and medical care plans thus need to be carefully formulated by the concerned social workers after appropriate assessment with the use of person centred approaches and the involvement and agreement of the service user and the carer (Stalker, 2003, p 81).Elizabeth, as has been stated before is experiencing difficult domestic conditions at home because of the unemployment of her husband. Whilst her husband Charles did not previously have any objection to Bettys staying with them, his attitude might now change because of her illness as well as straitened domestic circumstances. He has a history of alcohol misuse and domestic abuse and his employment redundancy, as well as annoyance with Matthews unemployment, drug abuse and household thievery may upset him enough to relapse into his old ways. Elizabeth could in the normal course of events expect assistance from her two children in discharging her caring and household duties. This however looks improbable because o f Elisas plans to shift in with her boyfriend and Matthews disturbed emotional state and surreptitious misuse of drugs.5. Assessment of Needs of CarersCarers, like Elizabeth, perform vital and pivotal roles in the delivery of social care to individuals under their care, who are otherwise unable to manage, at home, without some form of support because of issues like disability, mental health needs, and illness or learning difficulties. Such carers have their own problems and needs that can easily be overlooked by the people around them. Elizabeths problems, as explained in the previous section, whilst not apparent are complex and real.The previous New Labour government recognised these needs, and introduced significant legislation for the protection of the rights of carers, through the enactment of the Carers and Disabled Children Act, 2000, and the Carers (Equal Opportunities) Act, 2004. The Carers and Disabled Children Act provides carers with the rights for separate assessments of their needs, if they provide or intend to provide regular and substantial care to others (Department of Human Services, 2003, p 18).The person under care is usually assessed for his or her needs under the provisions of the 1990 NHS and Community Care Act (Department of Human Services, 2003, p 18). This is the best way of helping, both the carer and the person in care. The services provided to people who are in care often helps to support carers through the provisioning of some of the care that is being given by carers. The Carers (Equal Opportunities) Act aims to find out that carers can avail of opportunities that others often take for granted (Department of Human Services, 2003, p 18).Assessments of needs of carers take into account the need of carers to continue with their work, return to work and excess education as well as genteelness or leisure activities (Department of Human Services, 2003, p 19). The provisions of UK law state that carers are entitle to assessment, when t hey provide, or intend to provide, regular and substantial care to individuals in need, and the person being cared for, can access services from the Community Mental Health Team or the Department of Community Services (Department of Human Services, 2003, p 19).Such rights for assessment provide carers with (a) opportunities to reflect and discuss their own needs as carers, (b) share their caring experiences, (c) obtain recognition for their roles as carers, (d) obtain information and advice, (e) identify and discuss existing and potential difficulties, and (f) pull in contingency plans for circumstances that may not make it possible for them to continue in their caring roles (Stalker, 2003, p 83). Assessments are made to investigate the ways in which social and health care professionals and the existing infrastructure can help people in their caring roles by maintaining their health and wellbeing (Stalker, 2003, p 85).Such assessments concern issues like different aspects of indivi dual caring roles, availability of breaks from caring, health issues of carers, maintenance of relationships with the person being cared for and others in the family, caring for home, accommodation, finances, work, education and training, support, emergencies, alternative ar effigyments and the future. As is evident, existing policies aim to make the assessment of carers as holistic as possible (Stalker, 2003, p 87). Such assessments take up a whole range of issues like the time being taken for caring, understanding the condition of the person being cared for, and difficulties in providing qualified care (Stalker, 2003, p 88). Health, relationships, finances, and work, are very important components of the assessment process, and social and health care professionals aim to assess whether carers can be helped in their relationships with people important to them and in their health, their finances and their leisure activity (Department of Human Services, 2003, p 19).Assessments for ca rers lead to personal discussions with them on the help required by them and the preparation of care plans that try to accommodate the wishes and constraints of carers to the maximum extent (Department of Human Services, 2003, p 21). The Department of Community Services can, after such assessment, provide help to both the carers and to the people who are being cared for. The persons who are being cared for can be helped with direct payments in order to allow them to purchase their own care, practical or personal care at home, respite care, adaptations and home equipment, and day care services (Department of Human Services, 2003, p 21). Carers can be helped with support in the form of (a) direct payments to help them to buy the support they need, (b) substitute care in order to enable them to take breaks from caring, (c) assistance with specific tasks and equipment to help them in their caring efforts, (d) advice and support in their role as carers and (e) short breaks (Department of Human Services, 2003, p 21). Elizabeth can ask for an assessment, discuss her divers(a) problems with the social worker and try to work out, not only the best available care plan for Betty, but the ways in which she can obtain help to perform her caring functions effectively, maintain her home, help her children, and continue a good relationship with her husband.ConclusionsThis essay takes up the analysis of the case study of Elizabeth, her mother Betty, and her immediate family, and uses Elizabeths particular circumstances, as a would be carer for her mother, for an examination of existing legislation, theory and practice in areas of social and health care for adults with disabilities and their carers.Social work policies, practice, and theory for carers, as well as the persons they care for have evolved significantly over the last decade. Whilst assessment policies and intervention tools for adults with ailments or disabilities have been streamlined significantly in order to ac count for their individual needs and to empower them with independence in choosing their care and treatment plans, the importance of carers in the delivery of social work in a community care environment has come to the forefront.Carers are acknowledged to be critically important in the delivery of care. Social and health workers are expected to work collaboratively and in partnership, with each other and with carers, for the planning and delivery of holistic care and health services that take care of the individual needs of service users. Carers are also entitled to assessment of their needs and various forms of assistance to make their caring duties more effective and less onerous.Whilst Elizabeths responsibilities towards her mother and her family members are undoubtedly onerous, the social and health care policies of the country provide significant facilities that can help in making her responsibilities easier and her life more enriching and fulfilling.