Inventory System Essay Example for Free

Inventory System Essay This chapter contains the Introduction and the Problem Definition specifically the Statement of the Problem, System Objectives and System Scope and Limitation within the Problem Definition. Introduction In our generation, almost all of our transactions are in database management system which is a set of programs that enables us to store, modify, and extract information from a database, it also provides us(users) with tools to add, delete, access, modify and analyze data stored in one location. There are many different types of Data Base Management Systems, ranging from small systems that run on personal computers to huge systems that run on mainframes. One of which is what we call the library computer system. A library computer system is the software used to catalog, track circulation (where appropriate) and inventory a librarys assets. It is intended for home, church, private enterprise or other small to medium sized collections. Larger libraries will typically use an integrated library system to manage the more complex activities such as acquisitions, interlibrary loan, and the licensing of online resources. The International Baptist College started as a learning center in 1973 as a missionary extension of International Baptist Church of Mandaluyong. The International Baptist College is located on Arayat Street in between the main thorough fares of Boni Avenue and EDSA in Mandaluyong City. The school then from time to time was being developed and now has the permit to offer a Nursery, Elementary, High School and College programs. The IBC uses a manual system in their library called the card catalog which is a register of all bibliographic items found in a library or group of libraries, such as a network of libraries at several locations that is being typewritten or handwritten in a Cataloging Principles format. Because of it, the librarian has a hard time in updating book records; a large amount of time is being consumed in monitoring and checking the availability of books and slow process of borrowing, finding and returning of books. Problem Definition Statement of the Problem With the increasing demand for more books and library materials in the IBC that will support the information needs, the task required in managing there library is becoming more complicated. Some books are being misplaced because of unorganized arrangement. The process of creating the inventory was quiet difficult and time consuming. Specific statement of the Problem: 1) What are the difficulties being encountered by the librarian, students and the faculty staff of the IBC in within their Library? 2) Why do the School needs a computerized library system? 3) What are the expectations in the proposed library system? 4) How will the proposed library system improve the delivery of service to the students, the librarian and the faculty? System Objectives The researchers aim is to come up with a system that will provide the students and the faculty staffs an easy way of finding and borrowing books and to help the librarian in monitoring the inventory of the books and library materials. Specific Objectives: 1) Provide solutions to the problems and difficulties encountered by the librarian, the students and the faculty staff of IBC. 2) To determine the possible benefits of a computerize/integrated library system. 3) To find the expectations of the librarian, the students and the faculty staff as the users in the proposed system and accomplish these expectations. 4) To find out how can the proposed system improve the delivery of service to the librarian, the students and the faculty staff of IBC. System Scope and Limitation The scope of the proposed system centers on making the system as computer based to improve the process of searching, borrowing and returning of books and library materials. The Students and Faculty Staff have a limited access in the library system. They can only view the book’s information including its availability. If they wish to borrow the book, they still need to go to the librarian and present their Student’s and/or Faculty ID same as returning the book. The librarian however has a full access in the library system. He/she can update the records in books, library materials and student’s/faculty staff inventory. It includes the adding, deleting and editing of records, the process of borrowing, printing of reports needed by the management, and the computation of the overdue days and penalties of the returned books. He/she can also view the databases according to his/her choice. On the other hand, the system has the limitations of: it cannot other offenses like causing damage to books and library materials and it does not issue a receipt for overdue books.

Essay on Convergence in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man :: Portrait Artist Young Man

Convergence in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man    As far as portraits go, James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is pretty dynamic.   Stephen is constantly in motion, hurtling through life. He sees, smells, and touches everything around him.   But I'd like to focus on one of the quieter moments - a moment of convergence.   The narrative encloses Stephen in a cloud of his own past, present, and future as he stands in a Dublin courtyard:    He began to beat the frayed end of his ashplant against the base of the pillar.   Had Cranly not heard him?   Yet he could wait.   The talk about him ceased for a moment: and a soft hiss fell again from a window above.   But no other sound was in the air and the swallows whose flight had followed with idle eyes were sleeping. [1]    Stephen's impatience melts as his quiet thoughts replace whatever he was about to say to Cranly.   He closes his senses off to his companions, to the roosting sounds of the birds in the courtyard and the jangle of the streets.   He hears only "a soft hiss".   This is the point of intersection for Stephen, and for the narrative itself.   Stephen remembers a quiet moment of prayer "in a wood near Malahide" - the past.   He thinks of Emma walking through the streets of Dublin leaving a trail of reverent silence.   She is the now.   Stephen beats an ashplant - a convenient prop for a poet - against a pillar and decides that he can wait.   Darkness is falling - it's almost tomorrow, almost the future.   This moment of quiet convergence for Stephen is a point of intersection for the reader: past, present, and future meet in a dusky Dublin courtyard.   Joyce incorporates several layers of his own creation into the scene - draws on his own "Epiphanies" and gives Stephen a prop to carry into Ulysses.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In chapter five of the novel, Joyce sets up this meditative moment for Stephen, has him remember a quiet moment of prayer from his past:    . . . he had dismounted from a borrowed creaking bicycle to pray to God in a wood near Malahide. He had lifted up his arms and spoken in ecstasy to the sombre nave of the trees, knowing that he stood on holy ground and in a holy hour. Essay on Convergence in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man :: Portrait Artist Young Man Convergence in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man    As far as portraits go, James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is pretty dynamic.   Stephen is constantly in motion, hurtling through life. He sees, smells, and touches everything around him.   But I'd like to focus on one of the quieter moments - a moment of convergence.   The narrative encloses Stephen in a cloud of his own past, present, and future as he stands in a Dublin courtyard:    He began to beat the frayed end of his ashplant against the base of the pillar.   Had Cranly not heard him?   Yet he could wait.   The talk about him ceased for a moment: and a soft hiss fell again from a window above.   But no other sound was in the air and the swallows whose flight had followed with idle eyes were sleeping. [1]    Stephen's impatience melts as his quiet thoughts replace whatever he was about to say to Cranly.   He closes his senses off to his companions, to the roosting sounds of the birds in the courtyard and the jangle of the streets.   He hears only "a soft hiss".   This is the point of intersection for Stephen, and for the narrative itself.   Stephen remembers a quiet moment of prayer "in a wood near Malahide" - the past.   He thinks of Emma walking through the streets of Dublin leaving a trail of reverent silence.   She is the now.   Stephen beats an ashplant - a convenient prop for a poet - against a pillar and decides that he can wait.   Darkness is falling - it's almost tomorrow, almost the future.   This moment of quiet convergence for Stephen is a point of intersection for the reader: past, present, and future meet in a dusky Dublin courtyard.   Joyce incorporates several layers of his own creation into the scene - draws on his own "Epiphanies" and gives Stephen a prop to carry into Ulysses.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In chapter five of the novel, Joyce sets up this meditative moment for Stephen, has him remember a quiet moment of prayer from his past:    . . . he had dismounted from a borrowed creaking bicycle to pray to God in a wood near Malahide. He had lifted up his arms and spoken in ecstasy to the sombre nave of the trees, knowing that he stood on holy ground and in a holy hour.

International Economics Gerber Study Questions Essay

The United States in a Global Economy 1.Outline Introduction Globalization in Perspective The Growth of World Trade Capital and Labor Mobility New Features of the Global Economy New Issues in International Trade and Investment The Role of International Organizations Regional Trade Agreements Trade and Economic Growth Twelve Issues in the International Economy The Gains from Trade Wages, Jobs, and Protection Trade Deficits Regional Trade Agreements The Resolution of Trade Conflicts The Role of International Institutions Exchange Rates and the Macroeconomy Financial Crises and the Global Contagion Capital Flows and the Debt of Developing Countries Crisis and Reform in Latin America Export Led Growth in East Asia The Integration of India and China into the World Economy 2. A Thumbnail Sketch of the Material Covered in Chapter One The re-emergence of international economic integration theme tries to put globalization in perspective. Most features of globalization aren’t new, and international economic integration could be described as re-emerging after a period of disruption during time periods surrounding WWI and WWII. There are three aspects of international economic integration considered: 1.The growth of world trade. World trade has grown over the last sixty or seventy years but is still fairly comparable in percentage terms to what existed 110 years ago. Trade has become a larger share of national economies as measured by the: Index of Openness (Exports Imports)/GDP This index does not tell us about a nation’s trade policies. Nations with higher figures for the index of openness do not necessarily have lower trade barriers. Large economies are less dependent on international trade and often have lower measures of openness than small countries. Figure 1.1 shows the openness index for six nations at different points in time. It shows the drop in trade from 1913 to 1950 and its growth (even above 1913 levels) for most nations by 2000. A trend obscured in the overall trade data is that in 1890 most U.S. trade was in agricultural products and raw materials, while today most is manufactured goods. The relative importance of capital goods has increased dramatically. 2.Capital and labor mobility. Labor is much less mobile internationally now than it was in 1900. For capital, it is somewhat more mobile. There is a difference between financial capital and physical capital. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is the flow of capital representing physical assets such as real estate, factories, and businesses. While capital flows to developing countries have increased over recent decades, the level of investment in any country is still correlated with its domestic level of savings, making national savings rates far more important than global capital flows. However, capital flows today are different from earlier periods in three ways. More types of financial instruments exist today, and flows of financial capital are likely much greater. In 1900, the world operated on a fixed exchange rate standard and much of today’s financial market transactions are aimed at protecting against exchange rate risk caused by floating exchange rates. Transactions costs associated with foreign capital flows have also fallen significantly. Volatility in international capital flows, while often a subject of intense attention today, is not new. 3.Movement of prices in different markets. The text does not develop this, but points out that in the late 1800s wheat farmers, meat packers, and fruit growers all produced for a global market where international rather than domestic supply and demand determined prices. News reports today could easily demonstrate this for most commodities. New issues in international trade and investment: Barriers to manufactured goods have fallen significantly as a result of a process that began at the end of WWII. As formal restrictions on imports  have been reduced, domestic policies on issues such as the environment, labor, and fair market conditions have become the barriers to further increases in trade flows. Reducing trade barriers has been the focus of negotiations between nations. Eliminating the traditional barriers to trade, tariffs and quotas, is referred to as shallow integration because it just changes policies â€Å"at the border.† Eliminating domestic policy differences that create trade barriers is much more complicated and is referred to as deep integration. International organizations created at the end of WWII play a key role and are an entirely new element in the international economy. Agreements between nations are not new, but there has been a significant increase in the number of regional trade agreements signed, especially in the 1990s. The formation of these regional trade agreements is controversial for different reasons for both trade opponents and trade proponents. The growth of world trade can potentially lead to a variety of consequences, but generally economists remain committed that the benefits outweigh the costs. This position is supported by the casual empirical evidence of historical experience, evidence supported by models and deductive reasoning, and evidence from statistical comparisons of countries. Open economies grow faster and prosper sooner than more closed ones. 3. What Students Should Know After Reading This Chapter Chapter 1 challenges the belief that the world has embarked on an entirely new and unprecedented era of globalization. Looked at from the long run, it seems clear that the period 1870 to 1914 was an earlier era with similar trends. Those years experienced rapid technological change in the form of railways, steamships, and telegraphs that all came into widespread usage and spanned the oceans; they underwent business and financial sector innovation through the rapid growth in the corporate form of business organization, the invention and spread of demand deposits, and the development of stockmarkets; trade policies were liberalized in many nations; and there were widespread protests against immigration and the global economy. In the United States, the protest movement was centered in populist movements that are reminiscent of some politicians and commentators today. This is not an argument about history repeating itself. Rather, i t is an attempt to get students to think of the period from World War I to the end of World War II as an aberration in the last 150 years of world history. The long run trend is toward  integration, punctuated by protests and nationalistic movements that halt or reverse the trend. When students are asked what they think is new about today’s economy, they inevitably answer: technology. E-mail, faxes, satellite systems, jet aircraft, and less visible forms such as container cargo transportation systems have each made significant contributions to increasing trade flows. It is useful to engage students in a discussion over the marginal impacts of these new technologies versus the marginal effects of steam powered ocean going vessels or trans-Atlantic telegraphy. Telegraphy cut the time it took information to cross the ocean from around three weeks to relatively instantaneously, and reduced the time it took to buy a foreign bond from around three weeks to about one day. It is us eful for students to realize there was a disruption for two reasons. First, much of what has happened over the last 50 years was aimed at fixing something that was broken, not creating a new phenomena. Second, the international institutions that deal with the global economy are new and were created because of some shared recognition that integration was important and helpful and needed to be encouraged. An important sub-theme of the text is the idea of deep versus shallow integration and the institutional process that nations go through to create deeper levels of integration. The chapter also points to some things that are new about today. Important ones for the text will be flexible exchange rates, regional trade agreements, and the changing mix of the types of goods nations produce. Domestic policies will be a key focus when trade barriers and capital flows are considered. Another important issue will be the evolving role of international organizations in negotiating and enforcing changes in domestic policies. 4. Assignment Ideas 1.I like to use the index of openness to contrast the importance of trade to various nations and to drive home the fact that relative value matters. The United States is a huge participant in trade in dollar terms, but it is not as dependent on trade as many other countries. Some countries’ entire economies are dependent on international trade. I find students need some practice calculating and interpreting the index of openness. The data below is from the World Fact Book and is 2006 estimated data in billions of U.S. dollars: Country Exports Imports GDP New Zealand 23.7 B 25.2 B 106 B Bahrain 12.6 B 9 B 17.7 B Brazil 138 B 95.8 B 1,616 B Cambodia 3.3 B 4.5 B 36.78 B Chad 4.34 B 0.823 B 15.26 B Nigeria 59 B 25.1 B 188.5 B 2. As homework very early in the course, I sometimes assign students each a nation, and one of the pieces of information they are to collect is its Index of Openness. I also ask them to find out its currency, current exchange rate with the U.S. dollar, primary exports, imports, major trading partners, and the trade agreements in which it participates. To compare with the U.S. historical data, you might ask them to track the nation’s trade figures over time. While these are basic matters of fact, I find it helps make what we are discussing more concrete. 3.The chapter also lends itself  to students developing some factual knowledge about U.S. trade history. One possibility is to look at U.S. trade policy in various time periods. The U.S. had relatively high tariffs (greater than 40 percent on average) throughout the second half of the nineteenth century. In 1890, Congress passed the McKinley Tariff, followed in 1897 by the Dingley Tariff. Both tariffs raised rates further fro m their already high base. Wilson tried to reduce tariffs but was thwarted by World War I. Rates in the 1920s fell, but the Tariff Act of 1930 (Smoot-Hawley Tariff) raised the rates back up to nearly 45 percent. In the midst of the Great Depression (1934), Roosevelt and his Secretary of State, Dulles, persuaded Congress to pass the Reciprocal Trade Agreement Act. The Act authorized Roosevelt to negotiate bilateral, reciprocal tariff reduction agreements. This piece of legislation marks an historic shift in U.S. tariff policy, away from protectionism and toward more openness. Answers to End-of-Chapter Questions 1.How can globalization and international economic integration be measured? Answer:The chapter offers three ways to measure globalization and economic integration: (1) trade flows; (2) factor movements; and (3) convergence of prices (goods, factors, and assets). 2.In what sense is the U.S. economy more integrated with the world today than it was a century ago? In what ways is it less integrated? Answer:The U.S.’s openness indicator is about sixty percent greater today than it was in 1890 ((25.3 – 15.8)/15.8 ï€ ½ 0.601), or almost one hundred and nine percent greater than in 1910. While this is a very significant increase, it is hardly the revolution in economic relations that many people claim. The sixty percent statistic might be considered misleading, however, in that a much larger share of total goods output is traded (more than thirty percent in 1990 versus less than ten percent in 1950). While we cannot compare the latter statistic to 1890 or 1900, it does appear that there is a clear trend toward a greater role for international commerce. This is consistent with the observation that world trade has been growing faster than world output, at least since 1950. Much of the growth in trade since then, however, simply brought us back to where we were before World War II. In terms of labor flows, the U.S. is probably less integrated with the world economy than it was in 1890 or 1900. At those latter dates we had an open door immigration policy (for all but Chinese citizens), and a larger share of our population was foreign born (fourteen and one half percent in 1890 versus less than eight percent in 1990 and twelve percent today). Capital flows are more difficult to generalize since they can be measured several ways. While the absolute volume of capital flows has increased dramatically, as a share of world GDP it is probably no more than it was at the turn of the century, and it may be less. While the absolute volume of capital flows to developing countries has increased, the level of investment in any country is still highly correlated with its domestic savings rate. What is different, however, is the ease at which capital can cross international boundaries (lower transaction costs) and the much greater variety of assets that are traded. The need to protect against exchange rate risk is a key component of today’s international financial markets and is a primary difference from the fixed exchange rate standard of the past. The incidence of financial crises has not increased and, as a metric of integration, it implies no increase in capital market integration. The growth of regional trade agreements is also an indicator of increased integration. A growing role for international institutions such as the IMF or the World Bank may also indicate an increase in international integration. 3.What is â€Å"openness†? How is it measured? Does a low openness indicator indicate that a country is closed to trade with the outside world? Answer:Openness is a measure of the relative importance of trade to a national economy. It is measured by the ratio of exports plus imports to GDP. A relatively small openness indicator does not necessarily mean that an economy is intentionally closed to the outside world. Large countries like the U.S. or China have big domestic markets that enable firms to specialize and produce in volume in order to attain their optimal scale. Specialization and high volume in manufacturing is often associated with increased productivity, so firms in large markets can achieve the highest possible level of productivity without having to sell to foreign markets. Firms  located in smaller countries have to trade their output across international boundaries if they want to have the same technology and the same level of productivity. Consequently, large countries tend to have lower openness indicators regardless of their trade policies. 4.Describe the pattern over the last century shown by the openness index for leading industrial economies. Answer:The indicators fell between 1913 and 1950, when it begins to rise relatively rapidly. The main caus es of the pattern shown in Figure 1.1 are the two world wars and the Great Depression of the 1930s and changes in trade policy that accompanied that period. In 2000, they are mostly higher than they were before WWI. Another pattern the chapter notes is that the index is smaller for the larger population countries of Japan and the United States, and higher for the Netherlands, with its small population. 5.Trade and capital flows were described and measured in relative terms rather than absolute. Explain the difference. Which term seems more valid, relative or absolute? Why? Answer:Absolute values are the dollar amounts of trade and capital flows. Relative values are the ratio of dollar values to GDP. Relative values are a better indicator of the importance of a variable. Large economies like the U.S. may have large export and import values, but the importance of trade to the national economy is not nearly as great as it is for other economies. The U.S. is the world’s largest e xporter and importer, but the national economy is so large that trade is much less important for the U.S. than it is for many smaller countries such as Canada, Belgium, or the Netherlands. 6.The relative size of international capital flows may not be much greater today than they were 100 years ago, although they are certainly greater than they were 50 years ago. Qualitatively, however, capital flows are different today. Explain. Answer:Major qualitative difference between late nineteenth and late twentieth century capital flows include the fact that there are many more types of financial instruments available now compared to a century ago. These instruments can be finely tailored to the income and risk preferences of investors. Secondly, a large share of the total flow of capital across borders is related to the need to protect against fluctuations in the value of currencies. This use of international capital markets was not as necessary when nations operated within fixed exchange r ate systems. And third, the transaction costs of participating in international capital markets is much lower today than it was a century ago. 7.What are the new issues in international trade and investment? In what sense do they expose national economies to outside influences? Answer:The new issues involve policy differences between nations that until recently were considered the exclusive responsibility of local or national governments. Examples include labor standards, environmental standards, competition or antitrust policies, and industrial support policies. Negotiations between nations potentially give foreign interests a voice in setting domestic policy. The scope and the depth of the negotiations determine how great a voice foreigners will have. It is often the case, however, that negotiations either occur or are proposed because some aspect of domestic policy is perceived by foreigners as a barrier to trade, and they seek to alter the domestic policy that creates it. 8.Describe the three kinds of evidence economists use to support the assertion that open economies grow faster than economies that are closed to the word economy. Answer:These are: (1) casual empirical evidence of historical experience; (2) economic logic and deductive reasoning; and, (3) evidence of statistical comparisons of countries. (1)The historical evidence examines the experiences of countries that tried to isolate themselves from the rest of the world. First, not only did trade protection exacerbate the depression of the 1930s, but it also led to the misery and tragedy of World War II. Second, an examination of countries such as the former West and East Germany, South and North Korea, and other countries with the same historical, economic, and ethnic background that were divided by war, indicate that those who closed their economies from the rest of the world suffered in terms of prosperity and environmental degradation. East Asia experienced an economic take-off when it dec ided to integrate with the rest of the world, while Latin America, which had the same economic background with East Asia but chose to remain partially closed, experienced mediocre growth. (2)The logic of economic theory also suggests a strong causal relation between trade and faster economic growth. The following is a summary of this linkage: Following Adam Smith, David Ricardo proved that comparative advantage leads to trade and this in turn leads to the reallocation of resources and the improvement of the standard of living of any nation, large or small. Modern trade theory also makes the case for exports and open trade as the causes for economic expansion. Exports and open trade foster competition, innovation, and learning-by-doing, and bring international best practices to the attention of domestic producers, spurring greater efficiency and export expansion. This helps domestic producers to realize economies of scale when they attempt to produce for the world market, rather than for their own limited domestic consumers. Larger markets create incentives for firms to engage in research and development, and allow countries to import important production inputs and foreign capital by minimizing the foreign exchange constraints. They facilitate the transfer of technology and managerial skills. It follows that open trade an d exports increase the demand for the country’s output and therefore contribute strongly to positive economic growth. (3)Even though the statistical evidence is not quite conclusive (mainly due to measuring trade policy), the evidence of statistical comparison of countries (cross-sectional time series) indicates that countries benefit from open trade.

Arthur Miller s Death Of A Salesman - 910 Words

Guilty Conscience â€Å"Death of a Salesman† by American playwright Arthur Miller is a drama that resonates with the majority of viewers and readers of the play. Miller eloquently illustrates the drama and complex dynamics of the Loman family. The Loman’s consist of Willy and Linda Loman as well as their two sons Biff and Happy. Specifically, â€Å"Death of a Salesman† focusses on Willy and his oldest son Biff. Willy, now an old man has deteriorated into a miserable and senile man. Willy Loman’s character has flaws, just as any human does, however Willy’s personal actions attribute to his own misfortune. Firstly, Willy constantly dwells on the past, which leads to a dysfunctional fantasy that contributes to his misfortune. Secondly, a contribution to Willy Loman’s misfortune is that he constantly contradicts himself, which leads to the impression of unclear principles. Thirdly, Mr. Loman’s greatest downfall is his inability to confront the truth and clear his guilty conscience. Firstly, Willy constantly dwells on the past, which leads to a dysfunctional fantasy that contributes to his misfortune. The dysfunctional fantasy that Willy Loman has developed is essentially the great American dream, where he is successful, well-liked, and has the perfect family. Throughout the play Willy frequently reminisces on the possible outcomes, trying to figure out what went wrong in his life. An example is when Willy thinks back to the time his brother asked him to go to Alaska saying,Show MoreRelatedArthur Miller s Death Of A Salesman1144 Words   |  5 Pages Arthur Miller: Death of a Salesman Life for many in America are missing the same elements that â€Å"Death of a Salesman† exposed. Those element are love and direction. Many people face these struggles at some point in their life, but don’t know what to do to progress. Arthur Miller devised a style whereby he could show how your past can continuously impact on your future. Each character highlights the powerlessness of a dream to give meaning and control to human life. I disagree with someRead MoreArthur Miller s Death Of A Salesman1027 Words   |  5 PagesAn Analysis of Tragic Heroism of Biff Loman in Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller This literary study will define the tragic heroism of Biff Loman in Arthur Miller’s play The Death of a Salesman. Biff is initially a victim of Willy’s continual harassment to make more money and find a better career. In this family unit, Biff must endure the unrealistic and fantasy-based elusions of his father in his fanatical pursuit of the American Dream. However, Biff soon learns of Willy’s extra-marital betrayalRead MoreArthur Miller s Death Of A Salesman1061 Words   |  5 PagesIn â€Å"Death of A Salesman,† Arthur Miller takes a view about the usually positive value people put on success. By examining Willy’s downfall, we can see Miller is arguing how the fallacy of success crafts the amiss dreams. Miller displays how the constant mania to maintain the image of success destroys the concept of American Dream for ordinary people like Willy. Miller portrays Willy as a hard-working exhausted man, â€Å"I’m tired to the death† (1557). Willy expends enormous amounts of time and energyRead MoreArthur Miller s Death Of A Salesman1039 Words   |  5 Pages The play Arthur Miller, Death of a Salesman, is about an old salesperson who returns early from a business trip. After crashing multiple times, he realizes he should stop driving. The other book, Oedipus the King narrates the story of Oedipus. He was a man who became the king of Thebes, while unwittingly fulfilling a prophecy that he would murder his father, Laius, and marry his mother, Jocasta. The above characteristics of tragedy are well highlighted. In the play Death of a Salesman, one flowRead MoreArthur Miller s Death Of A Salesman And The Crucible2615 Words   |  11 Pagesand conflicts have been a constant. As individual people and as a world, there have never been perfect times. Arthur Miller’s writing style focuses on how his characters deal with external and internal problems and how their reactions to these problems reflect their characterization. Arthur Miller uses external conflict, internal conflict, and indirect characterization, in Death of a Salesman and The Crucible, to show how ideas of society do not always agree with the ideas and beliefs of others whichRead MoreArthur Miller s Death Of A Salesman1159 Words   |  5 Pagesmarriage, or through one’s own self. Willy Loman, a delusional salesman, in Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman; Minnie Wright, an unhappy and lonely housewife, in Susan Glaspell’s Trifles; and Oedipus, a king with excessive pride and determination, in Sophoclesâ €™ Oedipus the King illustrate how people lose their identities over the course of time. Society can cause the loss of a person’s identity, as Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman depicts the American dream as society’s view of success. The AmericanRead MoreArthur Miller s Death Of A Salesman1373 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican In Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman, the main character is Willy Loman a lifelong traveling salesman. Willy is in his early sixties and there is no doubt he has had a long life with the occupation he chose for himself some years ago. It seems as if Willy is doing well for himself as well as his family from any outsider, however, what happens behind the scenes is a completely different story. Constantly borrowing from a fellow friend Willy finds himself in a black hole of debt. Arthur Miller’sRead MoreArthur Miller s Death Of A Salesman1326 Words   |  6 PagesAs though to recreate the connection in life, literature often shows the relationship between past events and a character’s present actions and values. In Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman, Willy is haunted by memories of his older brother, father, and salesman Dave Singleman. Willy’s character and values are constantly influenced by the memory of the three men, compounding upon his deli ria throughout the play. Willy considers these men the epitome of success, thus explaining his dependency onRead MoreArthur Miller s Death Of A Salesman2019 Words   |  9 Pagespersonal growth and forming realistic, healthy relationships. Both Judith Guest and Arthur Miller use their respective literary works ‘Ordinary People’ and ‘Death of a Salesman’ to illustrate that not addressing who we are as individuals and remaining unaware of reality will only lead to unhappiness, dysfunction, and eventual tragedy. The main character and the driving force behind the action of ‘Death of a Salesman’ Willy Loman is both unaware of reality and ignorant to his own need to find himselfRead MoreArthur Miller s Death Of A Salesman Essay1567 Words   |  7 Pagescharacter with a tragic flaw leading to his downfall. In addition, in traditional tragedy, the main character falls from high authority and often it is predetermined by fate, while the audience experiences catharsis (Irving 247). Arthur Miller’s play Death of a Salesman is considered to be a tragedy because this literary work has some of the main characteristics of the tragedy genre. In this play, the main character Willy Loman possesses such traits and behaviors that lead to his downfall, and the

Leadership Styles Between Shackleton And Robert Scott

Shackleton’s early life does not provide much insight into where his leadership ability was learned. Being the eldest son, it is quite possible some of his early leadership lessons came in convincing siblings to go along with his desires. As a young mariner, Shackleton was likely influenced by officers he served under while at sea. Others have stated similarly that Shackleton’s leadership and inherent character traits were indeed learned while serving aboard merchant ships as a young man. In a comparison of leadership styles between Shackleton and Robert Scott, Seb Coulthard in his online article; Shackleton: A Great Leader, (2015, retrieved), noted that while Scott learned to lead in the British Royal Navy under strict rules of class and hierarchy; Shackleton’s experiences were in an environment where he befriended officers, engineers and sailors alike. Shackleton therefore was able to discount the traditional hierarchy and its sometimes damaging effects wi th great success. On board the Endurance, Shackleton ensured that all crew were cross trained and everyone pitched in on ships duties, whether it be standing watch or scrubbing decks, regardless of position or social class. Undoubtedly this new philosophy of treating all men as equals served to galvanize the crew of Endurance when the situation became dire. Comparing Shackleton’s leadership principles to Kouzes Posner’s Leadership Challenge Model, it is clear that he embodied many of the same ideals ofShow MoreRelated Leadership Case Study of Ernest Shackleton Essay4733 Words   |  19 Pages The topic of this leadership case study is Ernest Shackleton. This paper will identify the development of Shackletons leadership skills, provide examples and reflections of his abilities, and relate how he played an essential role in one of historys greatest survival stories. This study of Shackletons leadership is set loosely within the framework of the five practices of e xemplary leadership set forth in The Leadership Challenge by Kouzes and Posner, and will focus on the benefits producedRead MoreErnest Shackleton: High-Stakes Leadership4823 Words   |  20 PagesErnest Shackleton: High-Stakes Leadership The topic of this leadership case study is Ernest Shackleton. This paper will identify the development of Shackletons leadership skills, provide examples and reflections of his abilities, and relate how he played an essential role in one of historys greatest survival stories. This study of Shackletons leadership is set loosely within the framework of the five practices of exemplary leadership set forth in The Leadership Challenge by Kouzes and PosnerRead MoreOrganizational Behaviour Analysis28615 Words   |  115 PagesIntroductory Notes on Organisational Analysis Understanding Organisations The Limits of Rationalism Levels of Analysis: The SOGI Model Limitations of the SOGI Model The Individual Level The Group Level The Organisation Level The Society Level Interactions between the Levels Morgan’s Metaphors The Metaphors in Brief The Machine Metaphor The Organic Metaphor The Brain Metaphor Cultural (Anthropological) Metaphor The Political Metaphor The Psychic Prison Metaphor Flux and Transformation The Dominance MetaphorRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesBusiness Review Finance Articles The Power of Management Capital Feigenbaum−Feigenbaum International Management, Sixth Edition Hodgetts−Luthans−Doh Contemporary Management, Fourth Edition Jones−George Driving Shareholder Value Morin−Jarrell Leadership, Fifth Edition Hughes−Ginnett−Curphy The Art of M A: Merger/Acquisitions/Buyout Guide, Third Edition Reed−Lajoux and others . . . This book was printed on recycled paper. Management http://www.mhhe.com/primis/online/ Copyright  ©2005Read MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 Pages6.5.2.3 Critical chain method Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Reducing Project Duration Leadership Chapter 2 Organization Strategy and Project Selection 1.4 Projects and programs (.2) 1.4.1 Managing the portfolio 1.4.3 Strategy and projects 2.3 Stakeholders and review boards 12.1 RFP’s and vendor selection (.3.4.5) 11.2.2.6 SWAT analysis 6.5.2.7 Schedule compression 9.4.2.5 Leadership skills G.1 Project leadership 10.1 Stakeholder management Chapter 11 Teams Chapter 3 Organization: Structure

Why was Prohibition such a controversial issue during the...

Why was Prohibition such a controversial issue during the 1920’s? Prohibition was the banning of the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages. The power to ban the production, export, import, transportation or sale of alcoholic beverages was given by the 18th Amendment, 1917. This was gradually adopted by state governments across America and was followed up in 1919 by the Volstead Act that defined intoxicating liquor as a drink containing 0.5% of alcohol and prescribed penalties for breaking the law. By 1920 Prohibition applied to the whole of the USA. The passing of this law was quite astounding for several reasons, partly because the legal liquor industry was the 7th biggest in the country,†¦show more content†¦Prohibition was also favoured by many women’s groups, such as the Women’s Christian Temperance Union, who identified alcohol as a means by which men oppressed them. 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Developments in Accounting Thought Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.You are required to finda Newspaper article or web page report of an item of Accounting News. 2.Introduce the major issues in the new standard. 3.Explain if there is generally a consensus or if there is disagreement between the commenting parties. Examine in detail why some parties may have a dissenting point of view. 4.Explain if there is generally a consensus or if there is disagreement between the commenting parties. Examine in detail why some parties may have a dissenting point of view. Answers: 1.The news article The new revenue recognition accounting standards shows the appropriate framework for with the development of the technologies. The construction and the development of the structure are being made by showing the enhancement of the work which is showing the impact on the changes of the environment. The uses of the new accounting standards that are identified in this case shows the appropriate usage of the information technology, human resources and the sales and the marketing is being shown in this case. The new recognition and the transformation of the guidance is being shown by showing the guidance which is being used for showing the revenue recognition transformation strategy and also the critical judgement is being made by showing the impact for showing the extension which is being depicted to be showing beyond finance (Mariotte, 2017). As per the article is being undertaken for the study, the formation of the new accounting standards are depicted in the form of the showing the proper transfer of the goods. The transfer of the goods are depicted to be based on the proper principles which are showing the appropriate impact on the study and also the conduct is being made by showing the reflection of the amount which is being made by showing the appropriate conduct of the financial accounting standards. Therefore the study is depicted to be showing the enhancement of the fundamental principles that are related to the enhancement of the study and also the complexities can be easily removed by showing the appropriate conduct of the services which are reflected in the form of the payments made (Alexander, Nobes, Ullathorne, 2016). In general considerations as per this article the revenues can be easily categorized in the form of the sales with showing the purchasing of the goods and the services. The effect which is being determined in this study clearly shows the appropriate structure which is being used in this case that reflects the appropriate structure which is showing the conduct which is being made on the study. Therefore the changes and the shifting of the US judgements are appropriately made by showing the reflection on the work which is being made by showing the enhancement of the work and also the appropriate example is being provided in this case for the purpose of justification. As the major judgement standard is being considered, the current guidelines can be easily expressed in the form of the current guidelines which are depicted to be improved in the form of the new guidances (Appannaiah, Reddy, Putty, 2010). The current new standards are depicted by showing the enhancement of the standard wh ich is being made by showing the appropriate revenue transaction and also the attempt is being made by showing the guidance of the parameters that are used as a rule. Therefore the fair value can be easily constructed by showing the appropriate enhancement of the study which is being made by showing the appropriate delivering of the elements which are being used for showing the logics of the core and also the representation of the new standards can be easily depicted by showing the appropriate change in the business of the America. (Weil, 2017). As per the FASB and the IASB announcements are considered, the following of the new developed guidance shows the proper implementation which is made for the development of the structure of the work. The principles are being appropriately explained which shows the appropriate explanation of the study and thereby the new revenues standards are implemented for showing the annual reports representation. Therefore the entitlements of the non publ ics are made for showing the appropriate structure of the work for the adoption of the standards (Beechy, Conrod, 2008). The new mind set is being developed for the creation of the new standards that are made for showing the appropriate activities which are used in the form of the study and also the appropriate management of the structure is being made in the form of the rules based and the judgement based systems. It also represents the enhancement of the structure which is being made by showing the enhancement of the structure and also the business environment is being depicted to be showing the enhancement of the business environment in US. Therefore the business leaders should not underestimate by showing the mindset challenges and also the technology realm is being made by showing the complications and the multi-dimensions. It is also illustrated in the form of the structure of the study which is being made by showing the identification of the study and also the customer optio ns can be showing the determination of the things which are used for showin the licence and also the distinct performance is being shown by showing the performance is being depicted by showing the performance obligations. The considerations are made by showing the appropriate enhancement of the study which is being made by showing the structure is being made by showing the enhancement of the study and also the initial liscense and also the updates can be easily made by showing the supporting contract. Therefore the refining of the thought is being made by showing the new judgement process which is being shown to be the essential part which is showing the establishment of the internal guidlines and also the support is being made by showing the ensuring of the process which are consistent in nature (Beechy, Conrod, 2008). Therefore, the overall article shows the opportunity which is being created for the purpose of showing the appropriate innovation in the companies which shows the p ath for the improvement of the approaches and also the influence in the companies can be made by showing the detailed rules which is being made by using the influence to show the market strategies. The new guidelines are depicted to be influencing the products which are used for showing the appropriate current results in the form of the appropriate study. It also includes the cost of the revenue matters which influences the aspects obtained during the re-arrangement of the revenue matters (Spiceland, 2010). 2.International Accounting Standard Board (IASB) intend to make amendment in their accounting standard in order to enhance its acceptability across the globe and to provide an appropriate and unified solution to the global companies. In order to make the amendment the IASB seek public comment from the various organizations about the proposed amendment. It helps the accounting board to recognize the public perceptions about the proposed amendment (Britton, Waterston, 2013). For this purpose, the IASB released exposure documents that provide the ideas about the proposed changed to the public. Furthermore, the IASB has published exposure draft that provides a sample of the proposed amendment to the public. Moreover, the IASB seek the public comment on these proposed amendments, the ISAB declares the pros and cons of the proposed accounting standards to the public and provide the reasons for the changes. For example, the proposed changes reflect the issues and claim to improve the accou nting process (Powers, Needles, 2012). The proposed changes are as follows: Standard Subject to amendment IFRS 5Non-curent asset held for sale and discontinued operation Alteration in the process of disposal IFRS Financial instrument: disclosure Servicing contracts Applicability of the changes to IFRS 7 to condensed interim financial statement IAS 19 employees benefits Discount rate: Local market issue IAS 34 Interim Financial Reporting Disclosure of information elsewhere in the interim report The main issue detected with the changes is the issue with the inventory standard. There are several Australian companies are upset with the amendment and changing standard by the IASB. Because in new inventory standard the companies are facing severe difficulties as they have to add the inventory amount in the balance sheet in the standard cost. The reason for this the company use to bought the stock in much lesser price and during the years the cost of the stock may fall as they are old and the standard cost in the market is high so the value of the stock or inventory may show high that impact adversely on the financial statement of the company (Churyk, Weirich, Pearson, 2012) 3.There are several companies in Australia appeal that the new standard is not acceptable as it displays erroneous information to the public. It improves the asset of the company and thus in comparison to the asset the liability of the company in the balance sheet shows comparatively low. That improve the financial performance of the company and the investors also attracted to the company and make important investment decisions in favour of the company but in long run face severe loss. As the information is misguided the investors (Parrino, 2015). 4.Public interest, private interest, and capture theories The public interest theory states that the economic markets are fragile and it has the tendency to function inefficiently. The market may not give importance to the society. Thus, government rules and regulations are required for directing and monitoring the economic markets. For example, the government regulates the financial statements to make the work in favour of the social interest. The accounting standards also change their rules and policies for the welfare of the public in the society. The private interest theory states that the individuals or groups carry out their works to fulfill their self-interest. The theory proposes that the private interest dominates and rules the regulatory processes than the public interest (Helbk, Lindset, McLellan, 2010). The regulatory results reflect the interest of the powerful groups. The theory shows that people of groups can work for their own interest. The capture theory states that the regulations and rules are manipulated in order to fit the requirements. The theory also states that the regulations over a given period of time serve the interest of the concerned industries. The theory clearly explains the intentions of the designing regulations. Thus, the regulations affect the individuals are involved directly in the formulation of the regulations. There is an appropriate representation of the interest groups as well as the politicians (Holton, 2012). The exposure draft of FASB shows the issuance of the proposed update as the part of disclosure framework project. The primary focus and objective of the disclosures in the notes to the financial statements are to provide clear information which is required by the generally accepted accounting principles which is significant to the users of the financial statements of the company. The new amendments made by the FASB in their inventory disclosures is that the inventory would be disaggregated by the component, disaggregated by the measurement basis, changes to inventory balance, qualification of cost types to capitalize into inventory, the effect of the LIFO. The comment letter of Deloitte supports the ongoing efforts of FASB in order to improve the effectiveness of the disclosures in notes to financial statements (Comment letters, 2017). The company agrees with the aspects of the proposed ASU by the board. The board puts emphasize on considering the materiality for the discloses. The c ompany has stated that the newly proposed requirements for disclosures will provide significant information to the users of the financial statements. The disclosure effectiveness is supported by the company and believes that the board should undertake the costs examination that should be capitalized as the inventory part and changing cost to the cost of goods sold. The project would be bifacial in the current accounting practices (Kieso, Weygandt, Warfield, Kieso, 2010). The comment letters clearly state that the proposed amended would be in the favor of the public. The investors and stakeholders will get more information from the disclosures in the notes to the financial statements. The financial statements provide significant information to the users of the financial statements and help them to make investment decisions (Northington, 2011). References Alexander, D., Nobes, C., Ullathorne, A. (2016).Financial accounting. Harlow, England: Pearson. Appannaiah, H., Reddy, P., Putty, R. (2010).Financial accounting. Mumbai [India]: Himalaya Pub. House. Beechy, T., Conrod, J. (2008).Intermediate accounting. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson. Britton, A., Waterston, C. (2013).Financial accounting. Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Churyk, N., Weirich, T., Pearson, T. (2012).Mastering the FASB codification and eIFRS. Hoboken, N.J.: J. Wiley Sons. Comment letters. (2017).Cite a Website - Cite This For Me.Fasb.org. Retrieved 6 May 2017, from https://www.fasb.org/cs/BlobServer?blobkey=idblobnocache=trueblobwhere=1175834682348blobheader=application%2Fpdfblobheadername2=Content-Lengthblobheadername1=Content-Dispositionblobheadervalue2=492161blobheadervalue1=filename%3DDISFR-INV.ED.018.DELOITTE_TOUCHE_LLP.pdfblobcol=urldatablobtable=MungoBlobs Helbk, M., Lindset, S., McLellan, B. (2010).Corporate finance. Maidenhead, Berkshire: Open University Press/McGraw-Hill Education. Holton, R. (2012).Global finance. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Kieso, D., Weygandt, J., Warfield, T., Kieso, D. (2010).Intermediate accounting. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Mariotte, S. (2017).Millions Of Americans Are Lost In The Black Hole Of The IRS.The Huffington Post. Retrieved 6 May 2017, from https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/millions-of-americans-are-lost-in-the-black-hole-of_us_590b29f4e4b084f59b4a0016 Northington, S. (2011).Finance. New York, NY: Ferguson's. Parrino, R. (2015).Corporate Finance. Singapore: John Wiley Sons. Powers, M., Needles, B. (2012).Financial accounting. [Mason]: South-Western, Cengage Learning. Spiceland, J. (2010).Intermediate accounting. Toronto, ON: McGraw-Hill Ryerson. Weil, R. (2017).Financial accounting. [Place of publication not identified]: Cengage Learning. Welch, I. (2014).Corporate finance. Los Angeles: Ivo Welch.